Xanthogranulomatous orchitis: case report of a rare condition

Silva, Rodrigo F. Gongora e; Pinto, Ivan C.; Constantino, Eduardo Coronato N.; Querichelli, Ana Flávia Azevedo; Spessoto, Luis Cesar Fava; Junior, Fernando Nestor Facio

doi:10.21037/acr.2019.01.03

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A case of yellowish granulomatous orchitis with contralateral acute suppurative orchitis is described here. This is a rare benign testicular disease characterized by necrosis of testicular tissue followed by lipid-filled macrophage infiltration [5][6][7]. he XGO microscopic analysis indicated an accumulation of foamy tissue cells with mixed heterogeneous inflammatory cells, resulting in significant damage and loss of the testicular parenchyma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Dai,

Meng,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Xanthogranulomatous orchitis is a chronic, non-neoplastic inflammation that is quite rare. In this paper, we discuss the case of a 79-year-old male patient who presented with bilateral scrotum swelling and dysuria that persisted for two weeks. Despite two weeks of anti-infection treatment, the patient's symptoms persisted, leading to a decision to perform transurethral prostate resection and bilateral orchiectomy after careful consideration. After the surgery, the postoperative pathology indicated that the patient had xanthogranulomatous orchitis on the left side and acute positive orchitis with hemorrhage on the right side. Fortunately, three months after the procedure, the patient experienced no negative events and was pleased with the postoperative results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Dai,

Meng,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…XGEO is a rare disease process with a description of 38 cases reported in 29 articles in medical literature. [ 1 2 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 ] The details of demographics and clinical profile of the patients are summarized in Table 1 . Most of these cases have been reported from the Asian continent ( n = 18), followed by Europe ( n = 13), North America ( n = 3), Africa ( n = 2), and 1 case each from South America and Australia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The greatest dimension of lesion size varied from 1.5 cm to 10.9 cm (mean: 3.6 cm). One case each was suggested as torsion of testis[ 30 ] and epidermoid cyst. [ 27 ] Suspicion of malignancy was suggested in 21% of cases on USG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthogranulomatous epididymo-orchitis

Vijayvergiya

Gulwani

Hasan

2023

Indian Journal of Urology

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Introduction: Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a rare nonneoplastic and chronic inflammatory process, characterized by proliferation of foamy macrophages resulting in damage and necrosis of the affected tissue. Involvement of the testis/epididymis by the disease is a rare event. Methods: A case series of four male patients diagnosed with xanthogranulomatous epididymitis/orchitis (XGEO) at our institute was reviewed. In addition, a systematic review of XGEO was carried out using PRISMA Guidelines 2020. Twenty-nine articles describing 38 patients of XGEO were included in the study. Results: XGEO usually has a subacute or chronic presentation and affects male individuals in the 5th or 6th decades of life. The disease is also known to occur in the pediatric age group. The patients present with swelling, tenderness, or pain in the scrotal region. Bilateral involvement has also been documented. Thirty patients were known to have one or more causal risk factors including diabetes mellitus (23.7%), spinal cord injury/neuropathic bladder (7.9%), prostatectomy (7.9%), trauma (4.1%), and transurethral resection of prostate procedure (4.1%). Complications observed were scrotal fistula, adhesions, and abscess formation. Radiological features reported are nonspecific and include heterogeneous echotexture, hypoechoic areas, and/or scrotal wall collections. Bacterial microorganisms isolated from the affected tissue demonstrated the presence of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Histological subtypes of XGEO are diffuse and focal. In the diffuse subtype, which is more common, there is extensive parenchymal destruction by inflammatory process accompanied by widespread ischemic necrosis. Conclusion: The mainstay of treatment in XGEO cases is surgical excision preferably orchidectomy. Conservative management has been attempted in young individuals and in patients with focal XGEO, but there is limited supporting evidence. We present data of four cases along with detailed systematic review of the disease examining its clinicopathological behavior and associated risk factors followed by operative approach.

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“…Other organs that may be involved include the liver, appendix, urinary bladder, ovaries, prostate, epididymis, spermatic cord, and the testicles. 6 The aetiology of XGO remains obscure and the exact pathogenesis of this condition is controversial. 7,2 Most theories and proposed mechanisms arise from the literature of XGI of the kidneys, a more familiar disease which is well-studied and widely reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…USG features characteristically show a heterogenous, hypoechoic mass or mixed echotexture with absent internal vascularity replacing the entire testis. 6,10,11 There may be areas of necrosis and purulent secretions along with thickening of cord or epididymis. These features may suggest an abscess or a neoplasm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthogranulomatous orchitis: a case series

Sambhus,

Sharma,

Pai

et al. 2023

Int J Res Med Sci

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Xanthogranulomatous orchitis (XGO) is a sporadic disorder that has no definite aetiology and is a mimicker of several conditions, most significant of which are testicular neoplasms. We present a case series of three cases. The first case presented with swelling in his scrotum. The second case presented with similar symptoms and had prior history of trauma to the scrotum. Both cases were clinically diagnosed with testicular tumour. The third case was a referred case of left chronic orchitis with sinus tract. All three patients underwent high inguinal orchidectomy. Regardless of clinical work-up and diagnoses, upon histopathological evaluation, all three cases were diagnosed with XGO. This study explores the variety of risk factors and aetiologies that may result in XGO.

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Xanthogranulomatous orchitis: case report of a rare condition

Abstract: Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is rare with an unclear etiology. One explanation for this condition is a chronic

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Xanthogranulomatous Orchitis Combined with Contralateral Acute Pyogenic Orchitis: A Rare Case Report

Xanthogranulomatous epididymo-orchitis

Xanthogranulomatous orchitis: a case series

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