Xist nucleates local protein gradients to propagate silencing across the X chromosome

Markaki, Yolanda; Chong, Johnny Gan; Wang, Yuying; Jacobson, Elsie C.; Luong, Christy; Tan, Shawn Y.X.; Jachowicz, Joanna W.; Strehle, Mackenzie; Maestrini, Davide; Banerjee, Abhik; Mistry, Bhaven A.; Dror, Iris; Dossin, François; Schöneberg, Johannes; Heard, Edith; Guttman, Mitchell; Chou, Tom; Plath, Kathrin

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.022

Cited by 81 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 118 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A recent study also implicated Repeat B in this module in Xi compaction [41]. Whether other hallmarks of the Xi, such as recruitment of the macroH2A histone variant, DNA methylation of gene promoters are dependent on Repeats B/C remain to be tested.…”

Section: Repeats B/c -The Hub For Recruitment Of Polycomb Group Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas Repeat A seems to be the main actor on the initial steps of XCI, Repeats B and C appear to take the center stage once XCI has been set in motion. Accordingly, X-linked gene silencing is initiated but is partially defective in Xist ΔB/C mutants [ 8–10 , 41 ] ( Table 1 ). Likewise, removal of PCGF3/PCGF5–PRC1, recruited by Repeats B/C, also causes reduced Xist -mediated gene repression [ 10 , 32 ].…”

Section: Repeats B/c — the Hub For Recruitment Of Polycomb Group Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SMCHD1 is fundamental for promoting the characteristic folding of the Xi in two mega domains largely depleted of T opologically A ssociating D omains (TADs) [ 44 , 45 ]. A recent study also implicated Repeat B in this module in Xi compaction [ 41 ]. Whether other hallmarks of the Xi, such as recruitment of the macroH2A histone variant, DNA methylation of gene promoters are dependent on Repeats B/C remain to be tested.…”

Section: Repeats B/c — the Hub For Recruitment Of Polycomb Group Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The tandem repeat modules of Xist lncRNA: a swiss army knife for the control of X-chromosome inactivation

Raposo

Casanova

Gendrel

et al. 2021

Biochemical Society Transactions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

X-inactive-specific transcript (Xist) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) essential for X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in female placental mammals. Thirty years after its discovery, it is still puzzling how this lncRNA triggers major structural and transcriptional changes leading to the stable silencing of an entire chromosome. Recently, a series of studies in mouse cells have uncovered domains of functional specialization within Xist mapping to conserved tandem repeat regions, known as Repeats A-to-F. These functional domains interact with various RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and fold into distinct RNA structures to execute specific tasks in a synergistic and coordinated manner during the inactivation process. This modular organization of Xist is mostly conserved in humans, but recent data point towards differences regarding functional specialization of the tandem repeats between the two species. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on understanding the role of Xist repetitive blocks and their involvement in the molecular mechanisms underlying XCI. We also discuss these findings in the light of the similarities and differences between mouse and human Xist.

show abstract

Section: Repeats B/c -The Hub For Recruitment Of Polycomb Group Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Repeats B/c — the Hub For Recruitment Of Polycomb Group Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Repeats B/c — the Hub For Recruitment Of Polycomb Group Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The tandem repeat modules of Xist lncRNA: a swiss army knife for the control of X-chromosome inactivation

Raposo

Casanova

Gendrel

et al. 2021

Biochemical Society Transactions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There, they promote the assembly of tri-methylated lysine-27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) and transcriptional repression. Interestingly, recent work has shown that XIST RNA can promote the compartmentalization of specific ribonucleoprotein complexes at chromatin to mediate its silencing functions [81]. Although the exact modes of RNA recognition and binding are different between the homologs S. pombe Mmi1 and mammalian YTHDC1, which bind to DSR motifs and m 6 A, respectively [54,55], these conserved proteins can use long RNAs to mediate similar repressive functions.…”

Section: Long Regulatory Rnas and Their Protein Partnersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within female cells that carry two X chromosomes, one is stably inactivated so that X-linked gene dosage is equivalent to XY male cells, where the sole X chromosome is active [145,146]. The XIST lncRNA that is transcribed from Xi is critical for inactivation by first nucleating repression at the XIST locus and then spreading along the Xi to expand the repression zone [80,81,147]. This expansion mechanism is dependent on various repeat motifs present within XIST, as reviewed elsewhere [92].…”

Section: Higher-order Chromosomal Structuring By Lncrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long RNA-Mediated Chromatin Regulation in Fission Yeast and Mammals

Faber

2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As part of a complex network of genome control, long regulatory RNAs exert significant influences on chromatin dynamics. Understanding how this occurs could illuminate new avenues for disease treatment and lead to new hypotheses that would advance gene regulatory research. Recent studies using the model fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe) and powerful parallel sequencing technologies have provided many insights in this area. This review will give an overview of key findings in S. pombe that relate long RNAs to multiple levels of chromatin regulation: histone modifications, gene neighborhood regulation in cis and higher-order chromosomal ordering. Moreover, we discuss parallels recently found in mammals to help bridge the knowledge gap between the study systems.

show abstract

Non‐Coding RNA in Schwann Cell and Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Review

Huang,

Sun,

Sun

et al. 2024

Advanced Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) can result in severe disabilities, profoundly impacting patients' quality of life and potentially endangering their lives. Therefore, understanding the potential molecular mechanisms that facilitate the regeneration of damaged nerves is crucial. Evidence indicates that Schwann cells (SCs) play a pivotal role in repairing peripheral nerve injuries. Previous studies have shown that RNA, particularly non‐coding RNA (ncRNA), plays a crucial role in nerve regeneration, including the proliferation and dedifferentiation of SCs. In this review, the individual roles of ncRNA in SCs and PNI are analyzed. This review not only enhances the understanding of ncRNA's role in nerve injury repair but also provides a significant theoretical foundation and inspiration for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

show abstract

Xist nucleates local protein gradients to propagate silencing across the X chromosome

Cited by 81 publications

References 118 publications

The tandem repeat modules of Xist lncRNA: a swiss army knife for the control of X-chromosome inactivation

The tandem repeat modules of Xist lncRNA: a swiss army knife for the control of X-chromosome inactivation

Long RNA-Mediated Chromatin Regulation in Fission Yeast and Mammals

Non‐Coding RNA in Schwann Cell and Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About