XO FEMALES IN THE VARYING LEMMING, <i>DICROSTONYX TORQUATUS</i>
: REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND ITS EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE

Gileva, E. A.; Benenson, Isaac E.; Konopistseva, Luidmila A.; Puchkov, V. F.; Makaranets, Irina A.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05082.x

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The effect GILEVA (1987) describes is consistent with the mechanism proposed here. Inbreeding in her colony was "up to 0.25-0.30 by the last (11th) generation" (GILEVA et al 1982); comparable to the inbreeding which apparently caused the male-bias described here. Further, if one accepts my argument that the probability of affecting sex ratio by inbreeding increases with the size of an autosomal attachment to the X, then the two cytotypes studied by Gileva are excellent candidates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Most X*Y female wood lemmings produce no sons, implying meiotic drive favoring X*-bearing ova (GROPP et al 1978). But in collared lemmings, X*Y females produce twothirds daughters, implying random segregation ( GILEVA and CHEBOTAR 1979); superovulation largely compensates for inviable XY zygotes (GILEVA et al 1982). In both collared and wood lemmings, X"Xo and X*Xo females appear to produce approximately the sex ratios expected on the basis of normal segregation; that is, one half daughters and three quarters daughters, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Male-Biased Natal Sex-Ratio in Inbred Collared Lemmings, Dicrostonyx Groenlandicus

Jarrell¹

2004

Hereditas

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A captive colony of collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) from northern Alaska produced a male-biased sex ratio of 67% males for about three generations. These lemmings have a pair of autosomes fused to the sex chromosomes. Thus, males have two copies of some (formerly autosomal) sex-linked genes: One set is X-linked; the other can be described as Y-linked. Given such a karyotype, deleterious recessive alleles on the autosomal portion of the X chromosome are more resistant to selection than truly autosomal loci because they can be eliminated by homozygosity only in females. The male-bias could have resulted from one or more lethals carried on the formerly autosomal arm of the X chromosome. As inbreeding coefficients approached 0.3, the lethal was apparently homozygous in half of the homogametic (female) zygotes. This phenomenon may explain the excess of males and XY females attributed to meiotic drive in Dicrostonyx torquatus from Siberia. If under the natural mating system, inbreeding depression limits fitness, then fusion of autosomal chromatin to the sex chromosomes could be an adaptation to reduce inbreeding depression in heterogametic individuals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

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confidence: 99%

A Male-Biased Natal Sex-Ratio in Inbred Collared Lemmings, Dicrostonyx Groenlandicus

Jarrell¹

2004

Hereditas

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“…In view of these findings, it seems reasonable to consider an "automatic" rather than an "evolutionary" compensation mechanism in Akodon azarae. The latter mechanism is probably present in the collared lemming, Dicrostonyx torquatus, in which the litter size of XY females is somewhat reduced, but partly compensated for by an increased ovulation rate ( GILEVA et al 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offspring Sex-Ratio and Reproductive Performance in Heterogametic Females of the South American Field Mouse Akodon Azarae

Espinosa

Vitullo

2004

Hereditas

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We have compared the breeding performance of homogametic (XX) and heterogametic (XY*) females of the South American sigmodontine rodent Akodon azarae under laboratory conditions. XY* females showed an enhanced reproductive performance when compared with normal, XX, females. The XY* females had a longer reproductive lifespan. They started to reproduce early, had more frequent litters, and stopped reproduction later than XX females. Their progeny showed a biased 1:2 male:female sex ratio which may be explained by the early loss of YY* zygotes after fertilization. However, litter size at birth was similar both in XY* and XX females, and no difference in ovulation rate was detected between them. This indicates that an "automatic" rather than an "evolved" reproductive compensation mechanism may be acting in heterogametic females. A separate study has shown that self-synapsis of both the X and Y* chromosomes takes place during meiosis, allowing the oocytes to escape from functional deterioration. It is suggested that self-synapsis and "automatic" reproductive compensation account for the preservation of fertility in heterogametic females in spite of the heteromorphic sex chromosomes and the early embryo loss they experience. However, these mechanisms do not account for the enhancement of reproductive lifespan. The possibility that an intrauterine position phenomenon is acting in A. azarae is discussed.

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“…Most X*Y female wood lemmings produce no sons, implying meiotic drive in favour of X*bearing ova (Gropp, Fredga, Winking & Frank, 1978). In collared lemmings X*Y females produce two-thirds daughters, implying random segregation (Gileva & Chebotar, 1979); superovulation largely compensates for inviable YY zygotes (Gileva, Benenson, Konopistseva, Puchkov & Makaranets 1982). Assuming an equilibrium of the three types of females and males, these mechanisms should result in population sex ratios of 25% males for wood lemmings and 42% males for collared lemmings (Bull & Bulmer, 1981).…”

Section: Causes Of Female-biased Sex-de'terminki'ion In Lemmingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the normal X chromosome has to be retained for males to occur, sex determination could revert to normal by loss of the X*. Yet despite this apparent fragility, the male-suppressor is ubiquitous among the widespread and chromosomally diverse races of collared lemming (Gileva et al, 1982). Thus the selective forces maintaining this system must be profound, but they are not yet identified.…”

Section: Causes Of Female-biased Sex-de'terminki'ion In Lemmingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is female-biased sex determination in lemmings caused by staying together for warmth?

Jarrell

1987

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Two kinds of lemming have evolved genetic modifirations of sex determination that result in surpluses of daughters. Female-biased sex ratios ran evolve when mating occurs between nrighbouring individuals who are more related than if mating orrurred randomly. Two proposed sourccs of such 'visrous' gene flow in lemmings arc cyrliral changes in population density and mosaic habitat, Alternatively, perhaps cold climate favours winter aggregation and inhibits the dispersal of winter-born offspring, which would mature and mate with close relatives; dispersal and outbreeding would ocrur during the warm months. Thus the episodes of dispersal and inbreeding would be seasonal rather than density-dependent and the supposition of discontinuous habitat is obviatcd.

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XO FEMALES IN THE VARYING LEMMING, DICROSTONYX TORQUATUS : REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND ITS EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

A Male-Biased Natal Sex-Ratio in Inbred Collared Lemmings, Dicrostonyx Groenlandicus

A Male-Biased Natal Sex-Ratio in Inbred Collared Lemmings, Dicrostonyx Groenlandicus

Offspring Sex-Ratio and Reproductive Performance in Heterogametic Females of the South American Field Mouse Akodon Azarae

Is female-biased sex determination in lemmings caused by staying together for warmth?

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