XORs in the Air: Practical Wireless Network Coding

Katti, Sachin; Rahul, Hariharan; Hu, Wenjun; Katabi, Dina; Médard, Muriel; Crowcroft, Jon

doi:10.1109/tnet.2008.923722

Cited by 2,105 publications

(2,357 citation statements)

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“…One fundamental question is whether there is an upper bound on the encoding number for a general coding structure. While former work [5] assume that there can be infinite nodes around the relay node such that the encoding number is unbounded, we show that this number is upper bounded by a constant for a general coding structure (in Section II). As we will show in later sections, the upper bound of encoding number directly affects the highest throughput gain by the coding scheme, as well as other performance measures like throughput and packet loss ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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On the Performance Bounds of Practical Wireless Network Coding

Lui

Chiu

2010

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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Abstract-Network coding is an attracting technology that has been shown to be able to improve the throughput of wireless networks. However, there still lacks fundamental understanding on how network coding works under realistic scenarios. In this paper, we examine the performance of a recently proposed network coding system under a realistic wireless physical layer and practical random access mechanisms. We propose a key performance measure called "encoding number"-the number of packets that can be encoded via network coding in each transmission. We provide an upper bound on the encoding number for the general coding topology, and derive the average encoding number and system throughput for a general class of random access mechanisms. Based on the practical coding system, we also derive a tighter upper bound on the throughput gain for a general wireless network. Our results are of fundamental value for coding-related MAC/Routing protocol design and analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Recently, the authors of [5] proposed the practical coding system called COPE. COPE utilizes local coding opportunities around each node, and the basic coding scenarios are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Performance Bounds of Practical Wireless Network Coding

Lui

Chiu

2010

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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“…One of the first methods in coding-aware routing is COPE [4]. This method was proposed by Katti et al as a packet forwarding approach.…”

Section: A Centralized and Active Network Coding-aware Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunistic XOR-Coding Content Propagation in VANET

Malakooti¹,

Jalooli²,

Jabbarpour³

et al. 2014

IJCEE

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Abstract-The main difference between typical wireless networks and Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks is mostly about the way traffic is propagated in these types of networks. Unlike conventional wireless networks in VANET connections are established quick and short. Because of these two factors connections in VANET are not as reliable and robust as typical wireless networks. Hence Due to these limitations in VANET and also in order to achieve higher throughput, we are aimed at investigating the adoption of network coding with the existing data propagation and routing methods in Vehicular networks. In order to address the disadvantages, we present an approach called Opportunistic Network Coding-aware Data Dissemination in Wireless Networks (NCODWN). This approach is an enhanced version of COAR. We have managed to improve network throughput and decrease end-to-end delay of the network by implementing a more efficient and reliable mechanism. The simulation results indicate that our approach outperforms COAR in terms of end-to-end delay, percentage of encoded packets, packet delivery and network throughput.Index Terms-Data propagation, network coding, vehicular ad hoc network, wireless. I. INTRODUCTIONThe emergence of wireless networks has made a crucial impact on network communications. Over the last four decades of research were conducted on the different aspects of communication between mobile networks and especially vehicular networks. One of the most important challenges in VANET is considerable rates of packet loss and insufficient throughput. Network coding (NC) [1] was introduced with the main aim of increasing the network throughput. Fig. 1 represents basic concepts of NC. In a wider overview due to nature of wireless networks, they suffer from low throughput and do not scale well in heavy implementations [2] which this problem is inherited by VANET. A. Network Coding and Routing ProtocolsIn order to utilize NC in wireless network in a practical way, one of the most well-known applications is in routing protocols. In other words, NC is applied in routing In order to create a coding-aware routing scheme. Existing NC-aware routing mechanisms in VANET evaluate links only based on possibility and impossibility of coding in nodes.Being aware of Applicable NC scenarios and opportunistic coding among different flows at certain amount of time provides the opportunity to improve the throughput of networks. Thus in order to Improve performance of existing Manuscript received January 9, 2013; revised March 27, 2014 network coding is applied. B. Opportunistic RoutingIn fact opportunistic routing is considerably different from normal routing mechanisms. In conventional routing approaches, the next hop is fixed and is responsible for sending data flows and therefore this kind of routing is not suitable for networks like VANET that their topology is dynamically changing and consequently packet drop probability is high. In contrast in opportunistic routing instead of selection of a fixed next hop, under certain circumstances a se...

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“…Network coding has been shown to offer a number of advantages with respect to traditional routing, the most well-known of which is the possibility of increased throughput in certain network topologies (see, e.g., [21] for measurements of the improvement network coding gives even for unicast traffic). It has also been suggested as a means of improving robustness against random network failures since, as with erasure codes [7], the destination can recover the original data (with high probability) once it has received sufficiently many correct packets, even if a large fraction of packets are lost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signing a Linear Subspace: Signature Schemes for Network Coding

Boneh

Freeman

Katz

et al. 2009

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

270

287

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Abstract. Network coding offers increased throughput and improved robustness to random faults in completely decentralized networks. In contrast to traditional routing schemes, however, network coding requires intermediate nodes to modify data packets en route; for this reason, standard signature schemes are inapplicable and it is a challenge to provide resilience to tampering by malicious nodes.Here, we propose two signature schemes that can be used in conjunction with network coding to prevent malicious modification of data. In particular, our schemes can be viewed as signing linear subspaces in the sense that a signature σ on V authenticates exactly those vectors in V . Our first scheme is homomorphic and has better performance, with both public key size and per-packet overhead being constant. Our second scheme does not rely on random oracles and uses weaker assumptions.We also prove a lower bound on the length of signatures for linear subspaces showing that both of our schemes are essentially optimal in this regard.

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XORs in the Air: Practical Wireless Network Coding

Cited by 2,105 publications

References 44 publications

On the Performance Bounds of Practical Wireless Network Coding

On the Performance Bounds of Practical Wireless Network Coding

Opportunistic XOR-Coding Content Propagation in VANET

Signing a Linear Subspace: Signature Schemes for Network Coding

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