2014
DOI: 10.3952/lithjphys.54208
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XPS study of sol–gel produced lanthanum oxide thin films

Abstract: La 2 O 3 thin films were prepared by a sol-gel method and annealed in air and vacuum at various temperatures. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to investigate the properties and composition of films. The La 3d and O 1s spectra of films were analysed. It was shown that oxygen ions in La 2 O 3 are in two states -O 2-anions connected with lanthanum, and oxygen in the (OH) -group. The thermal transformation of lanthanum hydroxide to oxide process was triggered by thermal treatment at temperatures… Show more

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