XRD Evaluation of Clay Minerals in Shaley Formation and Its Comparison With Cross Plotting of Log Data

Mk, Ghassem Alaskari

doi:10.31031/pps.2018.01.000513

PPS

2018

DOI: 10.31031/pps.2018.01.000513

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XRD Evaluation of Clay Minerals in Shaley Formation and Its Comparison With Cross Plotting of Log Data

Ghassem Alaskari Mk¹

Abstract: Shale volume can be estimated from the gamma ray log. The following equation is used to determine the Gamma ray indexWhere IGR is the Gamma Ray Index, CGR log is the Gamma Ray response in the zone of interest, CGR min is the Gamma Ray response in cleanest formation, CGR max is the Gamma Ray response in shale zone.A and B are log calibration constants, Log Th is the Log of Thorium and Log K is the log of Potassium.The shale volume (V sh ) can be calculated from the Gamma ray index in shaley formation Correction… Show more

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Petrophysical characterization of the heterogeneous shale-rich oil reservoirs: a case study of the Cenomanian Clastics, Abu Sennan Concession, North Western Desert of Egypt

Saleh,

Henaish,

Ramadan

et al. 2023

Arab J Geosci

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Shale-rich reservoirs present a long-standing challenge for reservoir geologists because the clay minerals often induce a large-scale heterogeneity in the reservoir pore system. This work aims to understand the impact of clay distribution and mineralogy which would enhance the predictability of the best reservoir facies. We integrate seismic, well-log datasets to investigate the petrophysical characteristics of the clay-rich Cenomanian Clastics in the GPY oil field, north Western Desert of Egypt. These Clastics comprise the sandstone intervals which are the most prolific hydrocarbon reservoirs. Seismic data were used to interpret the main structural patterns as well as the different seismic facies. The well log data were utilized to interpret the lithologic variations and the type of clays in the reservoir as well as the different petrophysical parameters. Based on variations in their lithological and petrophysical characteristics, the Bahariya sandstones were sub-divided into three different rock units: Bahariya-3 (B-3), Bahariya-2 (B-2), and Bahariya-1 (B-1), separated by thick laminated clay intervals. AR/G Member is dominated by clays with relatively lower reservoir quality. Spectral gamma ray log values reveal that smectite is the dominant clay mineral in all the studied intervals. Laminated clays are dominant in B-1 and B-2 units, whereas, B-3 unit and Abu Roash G Member are enriched in structural clays. The quartzose sand content decreases from B-3 to AR/G and clay content increases from B-3 to AR/G. Therefore, the best reservoir facies and fluid flow conduits with best pore system characteristics are hosted in B-3 and the smectite clay streaks act as a good seal for hydrocarbons in the quartzose sandstone pay zone.

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Petrophysical characterization of the heterogeneous shale-rich oil reservoirs: a case study of the Cenomanian Clastics, Abu Sennan Concession, North Western Desert of Egypt

Saleh,

Henaish,

Ramadan

et al. 2023

Arab J Geosci

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Experimental study of polar solvents effect on the structure of carbonate reservoir

Ghassem-Alaskari¹,

Nik²

2020

IPCSE

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For routine and special core analysis, first we plugged cores for removing oil, water, evaporates, drilling mud and other contaminants and then washed with solvents and dried out. The common washing for some cores is that, they do not wash part of evaporates, asphaltenes, surfactants or drilling materials in the rock samples. Without removing these contaminants, the porosity and permeability calculated from these rock samples are not precise at all. In case of washing samples, there is always a problem in conducting tests on cores in laboratories. In this research, we tried to minimize the possible damages in this process by detecting a sample with predominant clay minerals based on X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) test of the samples, then washing with 3 different solvents by Soxhlet extractor. Finally, we, measured the strength of the wettability changes of each sample. This can be evaluated with Zeta potential test. After providing SEM and microscopic images, we compared the damages to each other. Then with the EDS test, we investigated the removal of the elements in the sample by its solvent. In this study, different solvents were tested on clay minerals with the aim of identifying the effect of these solvents and comparing the different effects on these samples. Pre- and post- analyzes were performed at optimal conditions for washing and drying.

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Investigation of Secondary Transformations Within Lower Carboniferous Rocks of the Central Part of the Dnieper-Donets Depression

Tunik

2021

VKNUGEOL

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The article describes the main study results of the secondary transformations effect on the lower Carboniferous shales at depths exceeding 3 000 m. Using silicate, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis and electron microscopic studies, the structure and the main rock-forming components in core samples were studied. The study showed the presence of both background and imposed epigenetic changes in the studied core samples. The intensity and variety of the secondary transformations increase with depth. It has been confirmed that compaction of clay rocks reduces their porosity and improves sealing properties. The presence of scattered siltstone material does not affect the value of porosity. Porosity increases with increasing of kaolinite content which occurred in result of secondary imposed processes. According to the composition of mineral paragenesis, it was found that the studied shales are at the stage of mesocatagenesis. The further research development for the purpose of approximation of microscopic and geochemical data by means of the extended well logging suit was outlined.

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XRD Evaluation of Clay Minerals in Shaley Formation and Its Comparison With Cross Plotting of Log Data

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Petrophysical characterization of the heterogeneous shale-rich oil reservoirs: a case study of the Cenomanian Clastics, Abu Sennan Concession, North Western Desert of Egypt

Petrophysical characterization of the heterogeneous shale-rich oil reservoirs: a case study of the Cenomanian Clastics, Abu Sennan Concession, North Western Desert of Egypt

Experimental study of polar solvents effect on the structure of carbonate reservoir

Investigation of Secondary Transformations Within Lower Carboniferous Rocks of the Central Part of the Dnieper-Donets Depression

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