Xylit, Stoffwechsel und klinische Verwendung

Lang, Konrad

doi:10.1007/bf01485423

Cited by 50 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The anticatabolic effect of xylitol has been detected in our previous studies, where dietary xylitol diminished bone resorption in young adult rats [25] and protected against increased bone resorption in ovariectomized rats [9]. The anabolic effect of xylitol has been detected in many studies, where intravenous or parenteral administration of xylitol has been used [6,26,27]. An anabolic effect was also suggested in our previous study [28], where the xylitol-induced increase in the cortical bone mineral content was greater in the newly synthesized bone than in the formerly formed bone as compared with the controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xylitol is used as a sugar substitute because of its anticariogenic properties [3]. Xylitol can also be used in the diet of diabetic subjects because its initial metabolic steps are independent of insulin and because it does not cause rapid changes in blood glucose concentration [4,5]. Xylitol is furthermore used as a source of energy in intravenous nutrition, because tissues can use xylitol under postoperative and posttraumatic conditions in which considerable insulin resistance prevents the effective utilization of glucose [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Increased Bone Volume and Bone Mineral Content in Xylitol-Fed Aged Rats

Mattila

Svanberg²,

Knuuttila³

2001

Gerontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Our previous studies have shown that dietary xylitol supplementation protects against the loss of bone mineral after ovariectomy. The ovariectomy-induced decrease in trabecular bone volume is significantly retarded by dietary xylitol. Objective: To study whether dietary xylitol can protect against bone loss also during aging, a long-term experimental study was performed with rats. Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. The rats in the control group were fed a basal RM1 diet, while the rats in the experimental group were continuously fed the same diet supplemented with 10% (w/w) xylitol. The rats were killed after 20 months. Their tibiae were used for the analyses of bone density and trabecular bone volume, and their femurs were used for the scanning analyses with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Results: The tibial density of the xylitol-fed aged group (1.73 ± 0.14 g/mm³) was significantly greater than that of the aged group without xylitol (1.56 ± 0.14 g/ mm³). The trabecular bone volume of the xylitol-fed rats was 21.2 ± 4.0%. It was significantly greater than that of the rats not receiving xylitol (9.3 ± 4.3%). The pQCT-measured cortical bone mineral density and the pQTC-measured cortical bone mineral content of the femoral diaphysis were significantly greater in the xylitol-fed group than in the control group. The trabecular bone mineral density and the trabecular bone mineral content of the femoral distal metaphysis were also significantly greater in the xylitol-fed group than in the non-xylitol group. The total bone mineral density and the total bone mineral content of the femoral neck in the xylitol-fed aged group significantly exceeded those in the aged group without xylitol supplementation. Conclusions: A continuous moderate dietary xylitol supplementation leads to increased bone volume and increased bone mineral content in the long bones of aged rats. This indicates a xylitol-induced protection against aging-related osteoporotic changes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Bone Volume and Bone Mineral Content in Xylitol-Fed Aged Rats

Mattila

Svanberg²,

Knuuttila³

2001

Gerontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ad ministration rates are, however, limited to doses of 0.5 g/kg/h [16]. Higher rates cause a steady increase of plasma xylitol level and xylitol excretion, a situation corresponding to that of galactose, obviously because maximal utilization rates are reached.…”

Section: Xylitolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning this polyol, a brief summary will be presented which is based on the investigations of others [5,6,16,26,28], as such studies have not been performed by us yet. Although the pentose phosphate pathway pro duces only a few grams of xylitol daily [16], enzymes metabolizing xylitol are said to adapt to parenteral xylitol loading, thus causing an increase in this polyol utilization [16].…”

Section: Xylitolmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Comparative Metabolism of Carbohydrates Administered Intravenously

Heuckenkamp¹,

Zöllner²

1972

Ann Nutr Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glucose, fructose and galactose have been administered intravenously over several hours to healthy persons; different administration rates were used. These sugars were measured enzymatically in serum and urine. Moreover, insulin (IMI) and uric acid were also determined (the latter for fructose only). Glucose and fructose are equally well utilized, galactose is unsuited for parenteral feeding due to caloric restriction and toxic side-effects. High-fructose loads (1.5 g/kg body weight/h) were followed by a significant rise of serum uric acid, lower infusion rates did not show alterations of uric acid, however. All hexoses are followed by an elevation of plasma insulin, although the increase during galactose and fructose infusions is only moderate in comparison with glucose. Finally, the above-mentioned results are compared with xylitol, a pentose frequently used for parenteral nutrition.

show abstract

Sugar Alcohols

Lawson¹

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemical, physical, and biological properties as well as the functional applications of sugar alcohols (polyols) are discussed in this article. Sugar alcohols are derived from sugars by catalytic hydrogenation to reduce an aldehyde or a ketone group of a sugar to a hydroxyl group. The sugar alcohols are classified as monosaccharide and disaccharide alcohols, with further subclassification of the monosaccharide alcohols according to the number of carbons they contain: tetritols, ie, erythritol; pentitols, ie, xylitol; and hexitols, ie, sorbitol and mannitol. The disaccharide alcohols discussed include maltitol, lactitol, and isomalt. Unlike the corresponding sugars from which they are derived, sugar alcohols have the advantages of anticariogenicity (ie, they do not cause tooth decay), insulin‐independent metabolism, and lower caloric values. These properties have led to the use of sugar alcohols in a wide variety of sugar‐free applications, such as chewing gum, hard candy, chocolate coatings, and bakery.

show abstract

Xylit, Stoffwechsel und klinische Verwendung

Cited by 50 publications

References 51 publications

Increased Bone Volume and Bone Mineral Content in Xylitol-Fed Aged Rats

Increased Bone Volume and Bone Mineral Content in Xylitol-Fed Aged Rats

The Comparative Metabolism of Carbohydrates Administered Intravenously

Sugar Alcohols

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About