Yacon syrup: Beneficial effects on obesity and insulin resistance in humans

Genta, Susana B.; Cabrera, Wilfredo M.; Habib, Natalia C.; Pons, Juan de Pablos; Carillo, Iván Manrique; Grau, Alfredo; Sánchez, Sara S.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2009.01.013

Cited by 240 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Su consumo reconstituye la microflora benéfica del colon, reduce el colesterol sanguíneo, mejora la asimilación de calcio, corrige el estreñimiento y PRODUCCIÓN DE SEMILLA SEXUAL EN YACÓN Julio -Diciembre 2014 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 136 fortalece el sistema inmunológico (Geyer et al, 2008;Genta et al, 2009). El yacón además es un alimento ideal para diabéticos y para personas que desean bajar de peso ya que su consumo no eleva la concentración de glucosa en la sangre y aporta muy pocas calorías a la dieta.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

PRODUCCIÓN DE SEMILLAS EN YACÓN (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.)) MEDIANTE TÉCNICAS DE POLINIZACIÓN CONTROLADAS

et al. 2014

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ResumenEl yacón, una raíz de origen andino, es una fuente abundante de fructooligosacáridos (FOS) y compuestos fenólicos. Su consumo ha sido asociado con la prevención de enfermedades crónicas (dislipidemias y resistencia a la insulina), cáncer de colon, estreñimiento, entre otras propiedades. La propagación del yacón es eminentemente clonal. Se han sugerido mecanismos de androesterilidad y una escasa o nula viabilidad en las semillas, lo que imposibilitarían su reproducción sexual en condiciones naturales y controladas. En el presente trabajo se realizaron cruzamientos entre seis accesiones de yacón (cuatro octoploides y dos dodecaploides) con la finalidad de obtener híbridos F1 y generar información acerca de la producción y viabilidad de las semillas. Para ello, se usó un diseño de cruzas dialélicas, directas y recíprocas, de las que se generaron 30 cruzas F1. En total se polinizaron 1 746 inflorescencias y se obtuvieron 1 181 semillas llenas. En todos los cruzamientos planificados se produjo semilla, excepto en aquellos cruzamientos en los que los progenitores dodecaploides actuaron como femeninos. Cuando las semillas llenas fueron escarificadas y sembradas en sustrato orgánico se logró obtener un porcentaje de germinación de 38.4%. En promedio se necesitaron polinizar cuatro inflorescencias de yacón por cada semilla viable que se obtuvo. La factibilidad de producir semillas de yacón empleando polinizaciones controladas abre oportunidades para plantear investigaciones en la biología reproductiva del cultivo, probar la teoría del origen alopoliploide del yacón, obtener variedades mejoradas y estudiar nuevas estrategias de conservación y distribución de germoplasma de yacón. Palabras clave: Híbrido, yacón, semilla, polinización, octoploide, dodecaploide Abstract Yacon, an Andean root crop, is a plentiful source of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and phenolic compounds. Its consumption has been related to the prevention of chronic diseases (dyslipidemia and insulin resistance), colon cancer, constipation, among other properties. Yacon reproduction is eminently clonal. Mechanisms of male sterility and scarce or null viability in the seeds have been suggested in yacon, which would preclude its sexual reproduction in natural or controlled conditions. In this work, six yacon accessions (four octoploids and two dodecaploids) were cross-pollinated in order to obtain F1 hybrids and generate information about the production and viability of the seeds. A dialelic design was used, with direct and reciprocal crosses, which generated 30 F1 crosses. A total of 1 746 inflorescences were pollinated and 1 181 seeds were obtained. All crosses produced seeds, except those crosses where dodecaploid progenitors worked as female. A high value of germination (38.39%) was obtained when the seeds were scarified and planted in an organic substrate (moss and peat moss). On average it was necessary to pollinate four inflorescences to obtain one viable yacon seed. The feasibility to produce yacon seeds opens opportunities to propose studies ...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

PRODUCCIÓN DE SEMILLAS EN YACÓN (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.)) MEDIANTE TÉCNICAS DE POLINIZACIÓN CONTROLADAS

et al. 2014

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“…and Endl.) H. Robinson or "yacon" due to it wide range of medicinal and nutritional properties [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. S. sonchifolius is probably an allotetraploid species, with "wild yacon" (S.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smallanthus macroscyphus: A new source of antidiabetic compounds

Serra-Barcellona

Aráoz

Cabrera

et al. 2014

Chemico-Biological Interactions

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“…Analysis of the faecal samples found metabolic changes similar to those found in obese human subjects, including an increase in branched-chain fatty acid production (71) . Furthermore, evidence that fermentable NDC improve weight management in rodents and human subjects provides further support that compositional changes in the gut microbiota may contribute to the development of obesity (64,66,(72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77) .…”

Section: Gut Microbiota In Lean V Obese Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in body weight and adiposity were not observed in a recent study; however this could be due to a shorter treatment duration (95) . One study in obese women found that the intake of yacon syrup, a food naturally rich in fructans, significantly increased weight loss over a 120-d period (76) . However, it should be noted that all volunteers on this study were actively trying to lose weight.…”

Section: Anti-obesogenic Properties Of Non-digestible Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential anti-obesogenic properties of non-digestible carbohydrates: specific focus on resistant dextrin

et al. 2015

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Alterations in the composition and metabolic activity of the gut microbiota appear to contribute to the development of obesity and associated metabolic diseases. However, the extent of this relationship remains unknown. Modulating the gut microbiota with non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) may exert anti-obesogenic effects through various metabolic pathways including changes to appetite regulation, glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation. The NDC vary in physicochemical structure and this may govern their physical properties and fermentation by specific gut bacterial populations. Much research in this area has focused on established prebiotics, especially fructans (i.e. inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides); however, there is increasing interest in the metabolic effects of other NDC, such as resistant dextrin. Data presented in this review provide evidence from mechanistic and intervention studies that certain fermentable NDC, including resistant dextrin, are able to modulate the gut microbiota and may alter metabolic process associated with obesity, including appetite regulation, energy and lipid metabolism and inflammation. To confirm these effects and elucidate the responsible mechanisms, further well-controlled human intervention studies are required to investigate the impact of NDC on the composition and function of the gut microbiota and at the same time determine concomitant effects on host metabolism and physiology. (1) . In the UK population, it is estimated that 26 % of boys, 25 % of girls, 67 % of men and 57 % of women are currently overweight or obese (1) . Characterised by the accumulation of excess body fat, overweight and obesity are associated with a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and other adverse metabolic effects. Consequently, the risk of pathologies including CVD, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, colon cancer, breast cancer, osteoarthritis, liver and gall bladder disease and reproductive dysfunction, are increased (2) . Overweight and obesity are also thought to increase the risk of common cognitive issues, such as anxiety and depression (3) . Population-based interventions to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity are now implemented as part of wider public health strategies in the majority of developed countries worldwide. In the UK, the Department of Health aims to achieve, by 2020, a sustained downward trend in the level of excess weight in children and a downward trend in the level of excess weight averaged across all adults (4) . Such interventions focus primarily on encouraging healthier food choices and increasing physical activity; however, they must compete with the *Corresponding author: M. R. Hobden, email M.R.Hobden@reading.ac.uk Abbreviations: AXOS, arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides; FFAR, free-fatty acid receptor; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; FOS, fructooligosaccharides; NDC, non-digestible carbohydrate; PYY, peptide YY.

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Yacon syrup: Beneficial effects on obesity and insulin resistance in humans

Cited by 240 publications

References 31 publications

PRODUCCIÓN DE SEMILLAS EN YACÓN (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.)) MEDIANTE TÉCNICAS DE POLINIZACIÓN CONTROLADAS

PRODUCCIÓN DE SEMILLAS EN YACÓN (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.)) MEDIANTE TÉCNICAS DE POLINIZACIÓN CONTROLADAS

Smallanthus macroscyphus: A new source of antidiabetic compounds

Potential anti-obesogenic properties of non-digestible carbohydrates: specific focus on resistant dextrin

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