Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) Displays Prezygotic and Postzygotic Barriers to Prevent Autogamy in Monoecious Cultivars

Denadi, Narcisse; Yolou, M; Dadonougbo, Ayènan Eric; Zoundjihekpon, Jeanne; Dansi, Alexandre; Gandonou, Christophe Bernard; Quinet, Muriel

doi:10.3390/agronomy12040872

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 71 publications

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“…Developing such improved yam varieties is, however, hindered by sexual reproduction abnormalities following the crop domestication process that favored vegetative propagation using tubers at the expense of botanical seeds ( Mondo et al., 2020 ; Cormier et al., 2021 ; Asfaw et al., 2022 ). Domestication alterations led to absent, low, erratic, or asynchronous flowering of most popular cultivars, high ovule abortion rates, and cross-compatibility barriers within and among yam species ( Denadi et al., 2022 ; Mondo et al., 2022a ). Besides, there is a disproportionately low female-to-male sex ratio ( Mondo et al., 2020 ; Mondo et al., 2021a ; Asfaw et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic and hormonal approaches for enhancing flowering intensity in white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.)

Mondo,

Agre,

Chuma

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Developing novel white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) varieties is constrained by the sparse, erratic, and irregular flowering behavior of most genotypes. We tested the effectiveness of nine agronomic and hormonal treatments to enhance flowering on D. rotundata under field conditions. Genotypes responded differently to flower-inducing treatments (p<0.001). Of the test treatments, pruning and silver thiosulfate (STS) were effective in increasing the number of spikes per plant and the flowering intensity on both sparse flowering and monoecious cultivars. STS and tuber removal treatments promoted female flowers on the monoecious variety while pruning and most treatments involving pruning favored male flowers. None of the treatments induced flowering on Danacha, a non-flowering yam landrace. Flower-enhancing treatments had no significant effect on flower fertility translated by the fruit set, since most treatments recorded fruit sets above the species’ average crossability rate. Flower-enhancing techniques significantly influenced number of tubers per plant (p = 0.024) and tuber dry matter content (DMC, p = 0.0018) but did not significantly affect plant tuber yield. Nevertheless, treatments that could enhance substantially flowering intensity, such as pruning and STS, reduced tuber yield. DMC had negative associations with all flowering-related traits. This study provided insights into white yam flower induction and suggests promising treatments that can be optimized and used routinely to increase flowering in yam crop, without significantly affecting flower fertility and tuber yield.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic and hormonal approaches for enhancing flowering intensity in white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.)

Mondo,

Agre,

Chuma

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Methyl Jasmonate (MeJa) Affect Sex Expression, Flowering Time and Flowering Intensity in Cultivated Yam Dioscorea rotundata (Poir.)

Denadi,

Vanhove,

Zoundjihékpon

et al. 2024

Applied Biosciences

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Cultivated yam (Dioscorea rotundata) is a staple tuber crop in West Africa which is mainly vegetatively propagated. Although the majority of yam cultivars flower, the control of their sexual reproduction remains largely unknown despite its importance for plant-breeding programs. While described as a dioecious species, yam has several monoecious (mix) cultivars that are often subject to spontaneous sex changes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of phytohormones on sex expression and flower development in cultivated yams D. rotundata. Exogenous applications of 1 mM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1 mM methyl jasmonate (MeJa) were performed on seedlings of female (Gnidou, Anago), male (Flou) and mix (Katala and Laboko) cultivars. The mix cultivars produced monoecious, male and female plants while the female and male cultivars had rather stable sex. Our results showed that MeJa exhibited a significant masculinising effect in mix cultivars and induced inflorescence and flower malformations in female cultivars (56% in Gnidou and 37% in Anago). Most malformations were inflorescence branching and sterile flowers (non-differentiated ovary) with extra cycles of sepals. Moreover, MeJa reduced flowering time in the cultivars of all sexes and increased the number of inflorescences per plant as well as the number of flowers per plant. Our results showed that BAP reduced the flowering time, synchronized flowering in female plants and increased the number of inflorescences per plant in monoecious plants. However, our results did not allow for strong conclusions regarding the effect of BAP on sex expression due to the high proportion of female flowering in both the control and BAP-sprayed plants. Nevertheless, we did not observe any masculinising effect for BAP. Further research that would highlight hormone and homeotic gene interactions in flowering could be of key interest in understanding the hormonal control of sex in cultivated yams D. rotundata.

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Evaluating Self-Pollination Methods: Their Impact on Nut Set and Nutlet Abscission in Macadamia

Kaur,

Cowan,

De Faveri

et al. 2024

Plants

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Nut set is an important determinant of yield and plays a pivotal role in orchard profitability. The complex process of nut setting is governed by numerous factors, with pollination being a critical mechanism. Macadamia cultivars exhibit both self- and cross-pollination. Self-pollination may increase nut set, so it is a trait of interest in breeding. This study investigated nut setting and nutlet abscission on four cultivars, ‘HAES 791’, ‘HAES 741’, ‘HAES 344’, and ‘A16’, using three controlled self-pollination methods: (i) autogamy (AG), entailing bagging before anthesis with no hand-pollination; (ii) geitonogamy 1 (GG1), bagging following hand-pollination using pollen from the same raceme; and (iii) geitonogamy 2 (GG2), bagging following hand-pollination using pollen from different racemes of the same cultivar. These self-pollination methods were compared against open-pollination (OP). ‘HAES 741’ and ‘HAES 791’ were partially self-fertile, while ‘HAES 344’ and ‘A16’ were self-infertile. Final nut sets per raceme for ‘HAES 741’ were 0.43 by AG, 0.65 by GG1, and 0.5 by GG2, and for ‘HAES 791’, they were 0.90 by AG, 1.25 by GG1, and 1.0 by GG2. Final nut set per raceme with OP was higher compared to self-pollination methods and ranged between 3.5–6.5. In self-fertile cultivars, nut set following the three self-pollination methods accounted for 6.5–3.7% of the nut set following OP, and nutlet abscission following self-pollination methods accounted for 20–50% of nutlet abscission following OP. No significant differences in nut set and nutlet abscission were observed among AG, GG1, and GG2. Results suggest that macadamia orchards planted with self-fertile cultivars would be less reliant on external pollinators or artificial pollination to achieve adequate yields.

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Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) Displays Prezygotic and Postzygotic Barriers to Prevent Autogamy in Monoecious Cultivars

Cited by 3 publications

References 71 publications

Agronomic and hormonal approaches for enhancing flowering intensity in white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.)

Agronomic and hormonal approaches for enhancing flowering intensity in white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.)

6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Methyl Jasmonate (MeJa) Affect Sex Expression, Flowering Time and Flowering Intensity in Cultivated Yam Dioscorea rotundata (Poir.)

Evaluating Self-Pollination Methods: Their Impact on Nut Set and Nutlet Abscission in Macadamia

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