“…Indeed, for any n-dimensional (n ≥ 3) complete manifold (M, g), consider a pointwise conformal metric g = u 4 n−2 g for some 0 < u ∈ C ∞ (M). Then the scalar curvatureS of metricg related to the scalar curvature S of metric g is given by (see [33]) (1.4) ∆u − n − 2 4(n − 1) S u + n − 2 4(n − 1)S u n+2 n−2 = 0, which is a special form of equation (1.1). If M is compact andS is constant, the existence of a positive solution u is the well-known Yamabe problem and it has been solved in the affirmative by the combined efforts of Yamabe [45], Trudinger [39], Aubin [2] and Schoen [36]; see the survey [25] for more details.…”