Yarn-level simulation of woven cloth

Abstract

Figure 1: Yarn-level simulation of a shirt with 2023 yarns and 350530 crossing nodes. We produce a snag on the shirt by pulling on a seam node. Fine-scale deformations showing yarn sliding and thin wrinkles are combined with large-scale motion of the shirt. AbstractThe large-scale mechanical behavior of woven cloth is determined by the mechanical properties of the yarns, the weave pattern, and frictional contact between yarns. Using standard simulation methods for elastic rod models and yarn-yarn contact handling, the simulation of woven garments at realistic yarn densities is deemed intractable. This paper introduces an efficient solution for simulating woven cloth at the yarn level. Central to our solution is a novel discretization of interlaced yarns based on yarn crossings and yarn sliding, which allows modeling yarn-yarn contact implicitly, avoiding contact handling at yarn crossings altogether. Combined with models for internal yarn forces and inter-yarn frictional contact, as well as a massively parallel solver, we are able to simulate garments with hundreds of thousands of yarn crossings at practical framerates on a desktop machine, showing combinations of large-scale and fine-scale effects induced by yarn-level mechanics.

Fitting procedural yarn models for realistic cloth rendering

“…Yarn-based representations describe fabrics at the yarn-level and are used almost exclusively in textile design [Pointcarré 2016]. Recently, yarn-based simulation [Kaldor et al 2008;Cirio et al 2014] and editing [Yuksel et al 2012] have been developed in computer graphics. These models, however, usually offer limited rendering quality as they lack fiber-level details that contribute significantly to a fabric's overall appearance.…”

“…Neither of these representations is easy to manipulate. On the other hand are yarn-based models [Kaldor et al 2008;Cirio et al 2014] which are much more amenable to editing and simulation [Yuksel et al 2012], but do not capture the richly detailed fiber-level structures that are needed to achieve realism. See , where the yarns appear to be made of plastic because they miss many detailed highlights generated by fiber-level structures.…”

“…Our tool and data allow fiber-level details to be added to yarn-based cloth designs produced by textile software [Pointcarré 2016] and simulation tools [Kaldor et al 2008;Cirio et al 2014]. The added details can lead to significantly higher rendering quality (Figures 1 and 17) and greatly benefit the design applications.…”

Efficient simulation of knitted cloth using persistent contacts

“…More recently, Cirio et al [2014] focused on woven cloth by taking a different approach. They assume that yarn-yarn contacts are persistent in time, even under moderately large plastic deformations.…”

“…Recently, Cirio et al [2014] also proposed a yarn-level model for woven cloth based on persistent contacts. Indeed, our mathematical formulation of the dynamics equations builds strongly on the formulation of Cirio et al, but there are important differences too.…”