Yawning in morning and evening types

Zilli, Iole; Giganti, Fiorenza; Salzarulo, Piero

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.02.015

Cited by 51 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Specifically, the number of yawns is high between 8:00 and 10:00, in the morning hours after awakening, and increases between 21:00 and 23:00, in the evening hours before sleep onset, paralleling the time course of sleepiness. These findings are consistent with what has been documented by previous research in different populations (Provine et al 1987;Baenninger et al 1996;Zilli et al 2007Zilli et al , 2008 and support the strong relationship among yawning, sleep-wake transitions, and sleepiness (Giganti et al 2010). Our subjects were ''infected'' by observing others yawn in each experimental session, demonstrating that the contagiousness of yawning is a strong phenomenon that takes place at different times of the day.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The daily time course of contagious and spontaneous yawning among humans

Giganti

Zilli

2010

J Ethol

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Yawning, besides being a spontaneous behavior, can also be evoked by observing others yawn. However, contagious yawning does not always occur, depending possibly on several factors, such as one's propensity to spontaneously yawn and a heightened level of sleepiness. The aim of this study is to investigate in young adults whether contagious yawning frequency varies throughout the day, and if it is related to the daily time course of spontaneous yawning frequency and level of sleepiness. For the study, 22 subjects were instructed to log hourly, throughout wakefulness, the number of spontaneous yawns and sleepiness level. Subjects were required to continue this procedure for 3 consecutive days, after which they underwent five experimental sessions occurring at regular intervals throughout the same day. During each experimental session, subjects observed others yawn (stimulus condition) and smile (control condition). Our findings show that the contagious effect of yawning is always present throughout the daytime. Both contagious and spontaneous yawning peaked in the early morning and in the late evening, according to the sleepiness time course. However, the frequency of spontaneous yawns was remarkably lower than the frequency of contagious yawns around 19:00. This difference suggests that different mechanisms control spontaneous and contagious yawning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The daily time course of contagious and spontaneous yawning among humans

Giganti

Zilli

2010

J Ethol

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“…Our results suggest the confounding effect of chronotype on yawning occurrence in nauseogenic motion conditions. This fi nding is in congruence with existing research showing that yawning frequency is affected by differences in sleepwake or sleepiness rhythms between extreme chronotypes, with evening types yawning more frequently during morning ( 15 ). Based on their fi ndings, the researchers concluded that the temporal distribution of yawning frequency differs between chronotypes, supporting the hypothesis that differences in sleep-wake rhythm affect yawning.…”

Section: Yawning and Motion Sickness -Matsangas And Mccauleysupporting

confidence: 85%

Yawning as a Behavioral Marker of Mild Motion Sickness and Sopite Syndrome

Matsangas¹,

McCauley²

2014

aviat space environ med

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“…Despite the small dataset, the distribution of yawns across hours of the day appears similar between the participants in this study and adults who recorded their own yawns [6,7]. In particular, the morning peak associated with wakening appears robust across ages, as is an evening-time increase.…”

Section: (A) Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…However, the overall daily mean frequency of yawns reported by parents for their children (2.2) was much lower than frequencies reported by adults recording their own yawns (7 -9: [6]; 11-23: [7]). Given the much higher frequencies of spontaneous yawning reported in schoolchildren [4,5], it seems likely that parents missed some of their child's yawns, and/or disproportionately recorded yawns when in close proximity to the child, such as when putting the child to sleep, or at mealtimes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Children in their first year of primary school yawned up to five times more frequently than in their final year of kindergarten [4]. According to parental reports, by the age of 12 years children yawn around nine times per day [5], which is similar to the 7 -9 times per day reported by adults [6], but lower than the 11 and 23 times per day reported for adult 'morning types' and 'evening types', respectively [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neither infants nor toddlers catch yawns from their mothers

Millen

Anderson

2010

Biol. Lett.

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This study aimed to clarify whether infants and preschool children show susceptibility to contagious yawning, a well-known effect that has been demonstrated experimentally in older children and adults by exposing them to video sequences showing yawns. In a first study, parents kept a log of their child's yawns for a one week period. None of the log entries reported any contagious yawns by the children. Although less frequent than in older children and adults, spontaneous yawning by infants and preschoolers showed the typical morning, post-wakening peak, and an increase before bedtime in the evening. In an experimental study, infants and preschoolers watched a presentation that included many images of yawning and a repeated video clip of their own mother yawning, but there was no evidence of contagious yawning. The results suggest that, even when witnessing yawns by someone with whom they have a strong and positive emotional relationship, very young children do not show contagious yawning.

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Yawning in morning and evening types

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

The daily time course of contagious and spontaneous yawning among humans

The daily time course of contagious and spontaneous yawning among humans

Yawning as a Behavioral Marker of Mild Motion Sickness and Sopite Syndrome

Neither infants nor toddlers catch yawns from their mothers

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