Year in Review 2014: Asthma

Deakins, Kathleen

doi:10.4187/respcare.04088

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Future studies of cell-specific receptor-mediated functions of polyunsaturated LPAs in the asthma diathesis need to address this possibility. A small num- • Biological effector functions of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) can be attributed to at least six LPA receptors (LPA [1][2][3][4][5][6] ) that have overlapping specificities and varying tissue distributions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biological effector functions of LPA are attributed to at least six G-protein coupled LPA receptors (LPA [1][2][3][4][5][6] ) with overlapping specificities and varying tissue distribution [22]. LPA receptors are expressed by lung epithelial and endothelial cells as well as infiltrating inflammatory cells including eosinophils, macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, mast cells and dendritic cells (DCs) [23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Lpa Lpa Receptors and Lpa Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, these studies suggest a role for LPA in both Th2 chemotaxis and cytokine release. In terms of DC activation and function, both murine bone marrow-derived immature DCs and LPS-matured DCs express LPA 1 , LPA 4 and LPA 5 , while immature DCs express higher levels of LPA 3 [17,43]. Both immature and mature human DCs express similar levels of LPA 1 , LPA 2 and LPA 3 .…”

Section: Activities Of Lpa On Airway Epithelial Cells Smooth Muscle mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite recent advances in understanding the molecular and pathophysiological basis of asthma, there is no cure for this disease; however availability of inhaled corticosteroids, short and long-acting β-agonists, and to some extent leukotriene C4 antagonists, has proven to be effective in managing the disorder [3,4]. Progress in developing new therapies against asthma has been slow due to heterogeneity of the disease and the existence of multiple phenotypes resulting from complex geneenvironment interactions [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polyunsaturated Lysophosphatidic Acid As a Potential Asthma Biomarker

Ackerman

Nyenhuis

Park

et al. 2015

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lpa Lpa Receptors and Lpa Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Activities Of Lpa On Airway Epithelial Cells Smooth Muscle mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyunsaturated Lysophosphatidic Acid As a Potential Asthma Biomarker

Ackerman

Nyenhuis

Park

et al. 2015

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated Lysophosphatidic Acid as a Potential Asthma Biomarker

et al. 2016

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Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid mediator in biological fluids and tissues, is generated mainly by autotaxin that hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine to LPA and choline. Total LPA levels are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from asthmatic lung, and are strongly induced following subsegmental bronchoprovocation with allergen in subjects with allergic asthma. Polyunsaturated molecular species of LPA (C22:5 and C22:6) are selectively synthesized in the airways of asthma subjects following allergen challenge and in mouse models of allergic airway inflammation, having been identified and quantified by LC/MS/MS lipidomics. This review discusses current knowledge of LPA production in asthmatic lung and the potential utility of polyunsaturated LPA molecular species as novel biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and exhaled breath condensate of asthma subjects.

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Sudden vs Pressure Wean From Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Infants Born Before 32 Weeks of Gestation

et al. 2018

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IMPORTANCE Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is a well-established treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. Suboptimal weaning from nCPAP may be associated with lung injury, pulmonary morbidity, and infant weight gain. To our knowledge, the best weaning strategy from nCPAP is unknown.OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of sudden wean and pressure wean from nCPAP in very preterm infants. A randomized, clinical, open-label, multicenter trial was conducted at 6 neonatal intensive care units in Denmark from September 2012 to December 2016 and included infants born before 32 weeks of gestation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSINTERVENTIONS Sudden wean with discontinuation of nCPAP without a prior reduction in pressure. Pressure wean with gradual pressure reduction prior to the discontinuation of nCPAP. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was weight gain velocity from randomization to postmenstrual age 40 weeks. Secondary outcomes included other measures of growth, nCPAP and the duration of oxygen supplementation, postmenstrual age at successful wean and at discharge, successful wean at the first attempt, the number of attempts to wean, and the length of the hospital stay. Prespecified subgroup analyses by gestational age were performed. RESULTSOf the 372 randomized infants, 185 (49.7%) were randomized to sudden wean and 187 infants (50.3%) to pressure wean. A total of 177 infants in both groups completed the trial (median gestational age for sudden and pressure wean, 30 weeks [interquartile range, 29-31]; male: sudden wean, 89 [50%]; pressure wean, 96 [54%]). There was no difference in mean [SD] weight gain velocity from randomization to 40 weeks postmenstrual age between the 2 groups (22 [6] g/kg/day). No difference was found in any of the secondary outcomes. More infants born before 28 weeks of gestation were successfully weaned from nCPAP during the first attempt in the pressure wean group compared with the sudden wean group (risk difference, 31%; 95% CI, 13%-50%), but there was no difference in the duration of nCPAP and oxygen supplementation.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Overall, we found no difference in weight gain velocity or any of the secondary outcomes between very preterm infants who were randomized to sudden wean or pressure wean from nCPAP. However, among infants born before 28 weeks' gestation, infants from the pressure wean group were more often successfully weaned during the first attempt without a longer total duration of nCPAP treatment.

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Year in Review 2014: Asthma

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Polyunsaturated Lysophosphatidic Acid As a Potential Asthma Biomarker

Polyunsaturated Lysophosphatidic Acid As a Potential Asthma Biomarker

Polyunsaturated Lysophosphatidic Acid as a Potential Asthma Biomarker

Sudden vs Pressure Wean From Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Infants Born Before 32 Weeks of Gestation

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