Year to year variation of rainfall rate and rainfall regime in Ota, southwest Nigeria for the year 2012 to 2015

Abstract

Abstract. The tropics is characterized to have convective type of rainfall which has high occurrence of rainfall compared to the temperate regions of the world. In this paper, the accumulation of rainfall in Ota, Southwest, Nigeria (6 o 42 N, 3 o 14 E) has been analysed to present the one-minute rainfall rate and the predominant type of rainfall. Four years' data used for this study was taken using the Davis Wireless vantage Pro2 weather station at Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State. The data collected were used to analyse the one-minute rainfall rate and different types of rainfall predominant in this region. For the prediction and modelling of rain attenuation at microwave frequencies for a region like the Nigeria at various percentage of time, one-minute rainfall rate is required. Nigeria falls into the P zone of 114 mm/hr. as per International Telecommunication Union -Recommendation (ITU-R). The analysis carried out indicated that the measured yearly averaged maximum one-minute rainfall rate for 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 are 157.7 mm/h, 148.0 mm/h, 241.2 mm/h and 157.3 mm/h respectively. It also indicated that the drizzle type of rainfall is predominant in contrast to established fact that thunderstorm occurs more in the tropics.

AI-Based Investigation and Mitigation of Rain Effect on Channel Performance With Aid of a Novel 3D Slot Array Antenna Design for High Throughput Satellite System

“…During this decade-long observation, the maximum recorded rainfall rate was 33 mm/h in 2006, while the minimum rate of 4 mm/h occurred during the drier years of 2011 and 2012. The average measured rainfall rate over this ten-year period was determined to be 16.5 mm/h, enhancing the accuracy of rainfall rate performance characterization for the region [47], [48].…”

“…To capture regional nuances, rainfall rates have been closely monitored in the northeastern region, including the installation of a tipping bucket rain gauge at Sharjah International Airport. Accurate annual rainfall data is essential [20], [47], [48]. Over a ten-year period (2005 to 2014), average rainfall rates were meticulously measured and recorded, as illustrated in Fig.…”

Dataset of daily variation of rain rate distribution at Ota in Southwest Nigeria

“…The rainfall data was analysed by sorting and classifying the rainfall rate into four different categories, namely: the drizzle rain type (below 5 mm/h); the widespread rain type (between 5 mm/h and 10 mm/h); the shower rain type (between 10 and 40 mm/h) and the thunderstorm rain type (above 40 mm/h). Although, both rainfall and non-rainfall measurements are ongoing by some researchers in Nigeria [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]. Some descriptive statistics data measurement was also used by [14], [15].…”

Analysis of Seasonal Precipitation Rate in Nigeria Using Dataset from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission

“…The estimation of precipitation rate from radar gives a better spatial coverage than the rain gauge in a gauging station [2,9]. The rate at which precipitation is detected and recorded by the radar depends on the terminal speed of the rain drop [10][11][12]. This is classified in Table 1 according to World Meteorological Organization [13].…”

“…The work of [5,7,15] showed that the spatial precipitation variations, its annual cycles, and diurnal are determined largely by how frequently it rains rather the intensity of the rain. Also, the rate of dominance of precipitation is ranges light to moderate rain [16], and its highest precipitation rate is at the intertropical convergence zone [5,11]. [17] showed that the seasonal cycle frequency and its spatial distribution can be likened to the rate of precipitation although, the rate of rainfall range inversely with the frequency peak.…”