Years of Life Lost to Unintentional Drug Overdose Rapidly Rising in the Adolescent Population, 2016–2020

Hermans, Sarah P; Samiec, Jennifer; Golec, Alexander; Trimble, Candice; Teater, Julie; Hall, O.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.07.004

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Many governmental guidelines and interventions have increased physicians’ and patients’/parents’ awareness of the potential harm of prescription-opioid pain medications [ 17 , 19 , 20 , 22 ]. Previous studies have found higher overall adolescent drug use, often associated with more dangerous behaviors, mental instability, serious accidents, and higher death rates [ 11 , 35 , 36 ]. We analyzed for prescription-opioid overdose ED visits within four age groups (0 to 1, 2 to 5, 6 to 11, and 12 to 17 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in pediatric prescription-opioid overdoses in U.S. emergency departments from 2008–2020: An epidemiologic study of pediatric opioid overdose ED visits

Lu,

Armstrong,

Alexander

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Opioid overdose was declared a public health emergency in the United States, but much of the focus has been on adults. Child and adolescent exposure and access to unused prescription-opioid medications is a big concern. More research is needed on the trend of pediatric (age 0–17) prescription-opioid overdose emergency department (ED) visits in the United States, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic year. Methods This retrospective epidemiological study used the 2008–2020 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample to provide a national estimate of ED visits related to prescription-opioid overdose. Inclusion criteria were 0-17-year-old patients treated at the ED due to prescription-opioid overdose. Eligible visits were identified if their medical records included any administrative billing codes for prescription-opioid overdose. National estimates were broken down by age groups, sex, geographic region, primary payer, median household income by zip code, ED disposition, and hospital location/teaching status. Incidence rate per 100,000 U.S. children was calculated for age groups, sex, and geographic region. Results Overall, the prescription-opioid overdose ED visits for patients from 0–17 years old in the United States decreased by 22% from 2008 to 2019, then increased by 12% in 2020. Most patients were discharged to home following their ED visit; however, there was a 42% increase in patients admitted from 2019 to 2020. The prescription-opioid overdose rate per 100,000 U.S. children was highest in the 0 to 1 and 12 to 17 age groups, with the 12 to 17 group increasing by 27% in 2020. ED visits in the West and Midwest saw prescription-opioid visits increase by 58% and 20%, respectively, from 2019–2020. Conclusions Prescription-opioid overdose ED visits among U.S. children and adolescents decreased over the past decade until 2019. However, there was a substantial increase in ED visits from 2019 to 2020, suggesting the potential impact due to the then-emerging COVID-19 pandemic. Findings suggest focusing on young children and adolescents to reduce further prescription-opioid overdoses in the United States.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in pediatric prescription-opioid overdoses in U.S. emergency departments from 2008–2020: An epidemiologic study of pediatric opioid overdose ED visits

Lu,

Armstrong,

Alexander

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“… 26 Besides, in a study conducted in Iran, the results illustrated that during 10 years (2004-2013), the age group of 15-29 had the highest amount of YLL in both genders, 27 and the present study also obtained similar results in this regard. It may indicate increased mortality in future years for all ages, 4 and the highest burden of disease will be on the shoulders of the youngest and most active people in society; hence, taking measures to reduce or better manage patients will have a great impact on social welfare. 27 On the other hand, this age group is considered to be an active part of the society, and they are facing more dangers due to their greater presence in society and higher risk-taking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 In 2020, adolescent deaths from unintentional drug overdoses surpassed deaths from cancer, among other leading causes of death. 4 In 2015, the total cost of drug poisoning deaths among adolescents and young adults was estimated at $35.1 billion United States. 5 In 2015, unintentional poisonings caused 86,400 deaths worldwide, with a mortality rate of 1.2 per 100 000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend Analysis of Deaths With Unintentional Poisoning and Years of Life Lost in the South of Iran: 2004-2019

Azarbakhsh,

Jafari,

Dehghani

et al. 2023

Journal of Research in Health Sciences

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Background: This study was conducted to determine the mortality rate and the years of life lost (YLL) due to unintentional poisoning in Fars province in the south of Iran. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: In this study, data from all of the deaths due to unintentional poisoning in the south of Iran between 2004 and 2019 was extracted from the population-based Electronic Death Registry System (EDRS). The Joinpoint Regression method was used to examine the trend of the crude mortality rate, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and the YLL rate. Results: During the 16-year study period (2004-2019), 1466 deaths due to poisoning occurred in Fars province. Of this number, 75.2% (1103 cases) were in men, and 37.5% (550 cases) were in the age group of 15-29 years. The total YLL due to poisoning during the 16-year study period were 25149 and 8392 in men and women, respectively. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, the 16-year trend of YLL rate due to premature mortality was stable. Moreover, the annual percent change (APC) was -0.7% (95% CI: -4.0 to 2.7, P=0.677) for males and - 0.3% (95% CI: -3.8 to 3.3, P=0.862) for females. Conclusion: The trend of crude mortality rate, ASMR and YLL due to unintentional poisonings was stable. Considering the high rate of mortality and YLL due to unintentional poisoning in the age group of 15-29 years, it is essential to take necessary actions in this age group.

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“…1 Of particular concern is the rise of overdose-related mortality in American youth; death due to unintentional drug overdose accounted for an all-time high of 84 179 adolescent years of life lost (a measure of premature mortality accounting for age at death, in addition to frequency of deaths) in 2020, fueled by synthetic opioids. 3 Fentanyl has 100 times the potency of morphine and rapid onset capabilities. 4 In addition, counterfeit pills containing fentanyl can be made to look identical to the authentic prescription medication and can therefore be used by the victim unknowingly.…”

Section: The Us Opioid Crisis: a Public Health Emergencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Combating the Opioid Crisis and Its National Security Threat Through CReDO: A Multidisciplinary Solution With Disaster Medicine Implications

Woodward,

Issa,

Caneva

et al. 2023

Disaster med. public health prep.

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For the first time in history, the United States surpassed 100,000 overdose-related deaths in a 12-month period, driven by synthetic opioids such as fentanyl. Also for the first time, potential chemical weapons are readily available on the streets and the dark web. Opioids represent a rare trifecta, used for licit pain management, as an illicit drug of abuse, and with potential use as a weapon of terror. Community-based Response to Drug Overdose (CReDO) is an initiative to unite agencies, disciplines, government and private partners in one coordinated opioid emergencies response plan under nationwide standards, and can be integrated into the Disaster Medicine discipline due to the risk of mass casualty incidents involving fentanyl or its derivatives. Attention to the opioid crisis through CReDO will save lives by promoting information sharing between disciplines, shortened response time to overdose clusters, community collaboration to identify criminal distribution networks, and holistic approaches to addiction.

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Years of Life Lost to Unintentional Drug Overdose Rapidly Rising in the Adolescent Population, 2016–2020

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Trends in pediatric prescription-opioid overdoses in U.S. emergency departments from 2008–2020: An epidemiologic study of pediatric opioid overdose ED visits

Trends in pediatric prescription-opioid overdoses in U.S. emergency departments from 2008–2020: An epidemiologic study of pediatric opioid overdose ED visits

Trend Analysis of Deaths With Unintentional Poisoning and Years of Life Lost in the South of Iran: 2004-2019

Combating the Opioid Crisis and Its National Security Threat Through CReDO: A Multidisciplinary Solution With Disaster Medicine Implications

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