Yeast culture repairs rumen epithelial injury by regulating microbial communities and metabolites in sheep

Abstract

This study delves into the impact of yeast culture (YC) on rumen epithelial development, microbiota, and metabolome, with the aim of investigating YC’s mechanism in regulating rumen fermentation. Thirty male lambs of Hu sheep with similar age and body weight were selected and randomly divided into three groups with 10 lambs in each group. Lambs were fed a total mixed ration [TMR; rough: concentrate (R:C) ratio ≈ 30:70] to meet their nutritional needs. The experiment adopted completely randomized design (CRD). The control group (CON) was fed the basal diet with high concentrate, to which 20 g/d of YC was added in the low dose YC group (LYC) and 40 g/d of YC in the high dose YC group (HYC). The pretrial period was 14 days, and the experimental trial period was 60 days. At the end of a 60-day trial, ruminal epithelial tissues were collected for histomorphological analysis, and rumen microorganisms were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and rumen metabolites by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomics techniques. The results showed that YC improved rumen papilla development and increased rumen papilla length (p < 0.05), while decreased cuticle thickness (p < 0.05). The 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that YC reduced the relative abundance of Prevotella_1 (p < 0.05), while significantly increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, uncultured_bacterium_f_Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcus_1 genus (p < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis showed that YC changed the abundance of metabolites related to amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism and vitamin metabolism pathways in the rumen. In summary, YC might maintain rumen health under high-concentrate diet conditions by changing rumen microbiota structure and fermentation patterns, thereby affecting rumen metabolic profiles and repairing rumen epithelial injury.

Effect of Adding Yeast Cultures to High-Grain Conditions on Production Performance, Rumen Fermentation Profile, Microbial Abundance, and Immunity in Goats

“…These results suggest that yeast culture may have anti-inflammatory effects and can reduce the level of inflammatory factors in serum. Wang et al also found that yeast products have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects in vitro [ 61 ]. Yeast cell wall polysaccharides, such as β-glucan, mannan, and B-complex vitamins, are the primary nutrient factors that produce these effects.…”

Rumen Development of Tianhua Mutton Sheep Was Better than That of Gansu Alpine Fine Wool Sheep under Grazing Conditions

“…H&E staining was performed by referring to the methods of Wang et al [23]. The rumen samples that had been fixed by 4% paraformaldehyde were paraffin embedded and made into paraffin sections with a thickness of 5 µm, which were stained by HE staining, and the morphology and structure of each section were observed under a 4× light microscope.…”

Prickly ash seeds can promote healthy production of sheep by regulating the rumen microbial community

“…Henderson et al measured rumen microbial samples from 35 countries and 32 animal species to assess whether they were influenced by diet, host, or geographic location and found that differences in microbial community composition were primarily attributable to diet, with a lesser influence of the host (Henderson et al, 2015 ). In addition, in long-term feeding trials, it was found that adding enzyme preparations, plant extracts, probiotics, herbal additives, and other substances to animal feed can improve the gastrointestinal health of livestock and poultry; enhance the body's immune system; promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients, which will have a positive impact on the growth of livestock and poultry; and reduce the cost of feeding to a certain extent (Mao et al, 2023 ; Wang et al, 2023a ).…”