Yeast polo-like kinases: functionally conserved multitask mitotic regulators

Lee, Kyung S.; Park, Jung‐Eun; Asano, Satoshi; Park, Chong J.

doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208271

Cited by 61 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 181 publications

(229 reference statements)

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“…Animal PLKs act late in meiosis during spermatogenesis and oocyte maturation, mainly regulating events associated with the two meiotic divisions (Lee and Amon 2003a;Liu et al 2007). Animal PLK is also present earlier, during meiosis I prophase, but little is known about its function at this earlier stage (Matsubara et al 1995;Mirouse et al 2006).Budding yeast PLK, Cdc5, plays essential roles in the exit from mitosis and in cytokinesis (Lee et al 2005). Studies using conditional alleles and alleles that express CDC5 during mitosis but not during meiosis (cdc5-mn, meiotic null) have revealed meiosis I prophase functions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polo-like kinase Cdc5 drives exit from pachytene during budding yeast meiosis

Sourirajan¹,

Lichten²

2008

Genes Dev.

181

299

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In budding yeast, exit from the pachytene stage of meiosis requires the mid-meiosis transcription factor Ndt80, which promotes expression of ∼200 genes. Ndt80 is required for meiotic function of polo-like kinase (PLK, Cdc5) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), two cell cycle kinases previously implicated in pachytene exit. We show that ongoing CDK activity is dispensable for two events that accompany exit from pachytene: crossover formation and synaptonemal complex breakdown. In contrast, CDC5 expression in ndt80⌬ mutants efficiently promotes both events. Thus, Cdc5 is the only member of the Ndt80 transcriptome required for this critical step in meiotic progression. During meiosis, a single round of DNA replication is followed by two successive divisions (meiosis I and meiosis II), producing four haploid gametes. This is achieved by segregation of homologs, homologous chromosomes of different parental origin, during meiosis I, followed by segregation of sister chromatids in meiosis II. During the prophase of meiosis I, progressive chromosome condensation is accompanied by homolog pairing and recombination, which culminate at the pachytene stage, where homologs are paired along their entire lengths and connected by the synaptonemal complex (SC). Upon exit from pachytene, the SC disappears and chromosomes become diffuse, only to recondense at diplotene/diakinesis as visible homologs connected by crossovers.Meiotic recombination initiates in early meiosis I prophase by the formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), catalyzed by the Spo11 endonuclease (Keeney and Neale 2006). As cells progress toward pachytene, DSBs are repaired to form either noncrossover (NCO) recombinants or joint molecule (JM) intermediates, many of which contain parental homologs connected by double Holliday junctions (Bishop and Zickler 2004). JMs are resolved, primarily as crossover recombinants (COs), at the end of pachytene. Crossovers provide the interhomolog connections that later ensure proper homolog alignment on the metaphase I spindle and thus their accurate segregation at anaphase I.The exit from pachytene is a crucial transition, since it is associated with the resolution of JMs as COs, SC disassembly, and kinetochore modification so that sister kinetochores orient toward the same spindle pole (monoorientation), and the separation of duplicated spindle pole bodies (SPBs), the fungal centrosome equivalents (Shuster and Byers 1989;Xu et al. 1995Xu et al. , 1997Clyne et al. 2003;Lee and Amon 2003b). Failure in any of these processes can result in chromosome nondisjunction and the production of aneuploid progeny. Consequently, checkpoint systems monitor synapsis and recombination and prevent exit from pachytene unless these processes are complete (Roeder and Bailis 2000).Ndt80, a transcription factor first expressed in late pachytene, is a central target of these checkpoint systems (Xu et al. 1995;Tung et al. 2000). Ndt80 activates expression of more than 200 genes at mid-meiosis, including those required for meiotic divisions and spor...

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confidence: 99%

“…Budding yeast PLK, Cdc5, plays essential roles in the exit from mitosis and in cytokinesis (Lee et al 2005). Studies using conditional alleles and alleles that express CDC5 during mitosis but not during meiosis (cdc5-mn, meiotic null) have revealed meiosis I prophase functions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polo-like kinase Cdc5 drives exit from pachytene during budding yeast meiosis

Sourirajan¹,

Lichten²

2008

Genes Dev.

181

299

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“…Cdc5 regulates G2 to M phase transition [7], metaphase to anaphase transition during mitosis [8,9], exit from mitosis and cytokinesis [9]. Cdc5 also plays an important role during meiosis in yeast [10].…”

Section: * Corresponding Author Email: Asourirajan@gmailcom Phone: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning, expression and purification of functionally active Saccharomyces cerevisiae Polo-like Kinase, Cdc5 in E. coli

2015

J App Biol Biotech

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Polo-like Kinases (PLKs) belong to the serine/threonine family of protein kinases. They govern cell cycle progression in concert with CDKs and other cell cycle kinases in most eukaryotes studied. Polo-box domain, the signature motif of PLKs, functions to recruit the kinase to its substrates. However, the substrate specificity, and the complete repertoire of its substrates is not fully known, and their mode of action is still under investigation. The present study was undertaken to clone and express the budding yeast PLK, Cdc5 in E. coli. The recombinant Cdc5 was successfully expressed as a GST-Cdc5 fusion protein of ~ 107 kDa. GST-Cdc5 was purified to ~ 95% homogeneity. Interestingly, the recombinant GST-Cdc5 exhibited kinase activity in vitro. GST-Cdc5, but not GST-tag alone phosphorylated the generic substrate casein as well as showed autophosphorylation of the kinase itself. Thus, the recombinant GST-Cdc5 protein is functionally active in vitro and mimics its characteristics in vivo. The availability of the recombinant and active Cdc5 protein would facilitate structure-function investigations as well as the generation of appropriate truncated and site-directed mutant proteins, respectively for further insight into the cell cycle regulation mechanisms of PLKs.

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“…23 If Clb2-Cdc28 activity is critical for inducing the ultimate action of Cdc5-dependent Swe1 hyperphosphorylation, then how is Clb2-Cdc28 capable of priming Swe1 under the conditions where unphosphorylated, stable, Swe1 potently inhibits Clb2-Cdc28 itself? One possibility is that a low level of Clb2-Cdc28 activity may be sufficient to initiate the priming modification, which will then be reinforced as the level of Clb2 rises at the late stage of the cell cycle.…”

Section: Concerted Action Of Clb2-cdc28 and Cdc5 In Swe1 Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Cla4 associates tightly with septins 22 early in the cell cycle and promotes septin filament assembly at the bud neck, whereas Cdc5 localizes to the bud-neck late in the cell cycle after first appearing at the spindle pole bodies (SPBs). 23 As with the timing of their localization to the bud-neck, acute inhibition of Cla4 activity diminished early phosphorylation of Swe1, whereas depletion of Cdc5 activity prevented hyperphosphorylation of Swe1 species that are already moderately phosphorylated. 21 Consistently, close examination of a viable cdc5-3 CDC14 TAB6-1 mutant (CDC14 TAB6-1 bypasses the mitotic exit defect, but not the G 2 /M defect, of the cdc5-3 allele 24 ) revealed that this mutant proceeds through the cell cycle but with a significant delay in Swe1 degradation at elevated temperatures (Fig.…”

Section: Cla4 and Cdc5 Phosphorylates Swe1 At Two Distinct Stages Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the Cell Cycle by Multi-Kinase-Dependent Regulation of Swe1/Wee1 in Budding Yeast

Lee

Asano²,

Park³

et al. 2005

Cell Cycle

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Previously published online as a Cell Cycle E-publication: http://www.landesbioscience.com/journals/cc/abstract.php?id=2049 KEY WORDSSwe1, Cla4, Cdc5, Cdc28, G 2 /M transition, budding yeast ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe are grateful to the present and past members of our laboratory for their excellent work and stimulating discussions, and to our collaborators for generously sharing their reagents. We apologize to all authors whose work could not be discussed due to space limitations. PerspectiveMonitoring the Cell Cycle by Multi-Kinase-Dependent Regulation of Swe1/Wee1 in Budding Yeast ABSTRACTIn eukaryotes, G 2 /M transition is induced by the activation of cyclin B-bound Cdk1, which is held in check by the protein kinase, Wee1. Recent advances in our understanding of mitotic entry in budding yeast has revealed that these cells utilize the level of Swe1 (Wee1 ortholog) phosphorylation as a means of monitoring cell cycle progression and of coordinating morphogenetic events with mitotic entry. Swe1 is phosphorylated by at least three distinct kinases at different stages of the cell cycle. This cumulative phosphorylation leads to the hyperphosphorylation and degradation of Swe1 through ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Thus, Swe1 functions as an important cell cycle modulator that integrates multiple upstream signals from prior cell cycle events before its ultimate degradation permits passage into mitosis.

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Yeast polo-like kinases: functionally conserved multitask mitotic regulators

Cited by 61 publications

References 181 publications

Polo-like kinase Cdc5 drives exit from pachytene during budding yeast meiosis

Polo-like kinase Cdc5 drives exit from pachytene during budding yeast meiosis

Cloning, expression and purification of functionally active Saccharomyces cerevisiae Polo-like Kinase, Cdc5 in E. coli

Monitoring the Cell Cycle by Multi-Kinase-Dependent Regulation of Swe1/Wee1 in Budding Yeast

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