Yi‐Zhi‐Fang‐Dai Formula Protects against Aβ_1–42 Oligomer Induced Cell Damage via Increasing Hsp70 and Grp78 Expression in SH‐SY5Y Cells

Abstract

Yi-Zhi-Fang-Dai formula (YZFDF) is an experiential prescription used to cure dementia cases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, the main effective compounds of YZFDF have been identified from this formula, and the neuroprotective effect against Aβ 1–42 oligomer of YZFDF has been tested in SH-SY5Y cells. Our results showed that YZFDF could increase cell viability and could attenuate endothelial reticula- (ER-) mediated apoptosis. Evidence indicated that protein folding and endothelial reticula stress (ERS) played an important role in the AD pathological mechanism. We further explored the expression of Hsp70, an important molecular chaperon facilitating the folding of other proteins, and Grp78, the marker protein of ERS in SH-SY5Y cells. Data told us that YZFDF pretreatment could influence the mRNA and protein expression of these two proteins. At last, we also found that YZFDF pretreatment could activate Akt in SH-SY5Y cells. All these above indicate that YZFDF could be a potent therapeutic candidate for AD treatment.

Yi-Zhi-Fang-Dai Formula Exerts a Protective Effect on the Injury of Tight Junction Scaffold Proteins <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i> by Mediating Autophagy through Regulation of the RAGE/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR Pathway

“…Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula has shown unique advantages in the treatment of complex diseases. Further clinical and basic studies had extensively confirmed that TCM formula had the advantages of anti-aging, neuroprotection, regulation of microglial cell function, and clearance of Aβ in AD still, 17) the uncertain multi-biochemical component medicines in TCM formula had not been well deciphered. Nowadays, metabolomics is widely used for screening and identifying the functional metabolites of TCM formula.…”

“…Considering AD being a multifactorial pathology resulting from a complex network of interrelated and not fully deciphered factors, Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is emerged to be a highly anticipated drug candidate due to its' unique advantages in multi-targets, multi-component, and multi-pathway effects. 17) Yi-Zhi-Fang-Dai Formula (YZFDF), which prescribed on the underlying theory and pharmacological research of TCM. YZFDF is composed of several compounds, which included bilobalide, ginkgolide A, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, cistanoside A, and α-asarone.…”

Yi-Zhi-Fang-Dai Formula Exerts Neuroprotective Effects Against Pyroptosis and Blood–Brain Barrier–Glymphatic Dysfunctions to Prevent Amyloid-Beta Acute Accumulation After Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion in Rats

“…These herbal medicines were identified by the TCM Preparation Room of Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The main active ingredient analysis of YZFDF by the methods of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS), as well as the chemical structures of each ingredient were introduced in detail in our previous work ( Liu et al, 2016a ). The YZFDF drug powder was prepared as previously described ( Liu et al, 2016a ; Chan et al, 2020 ).…”

“…The main active ingredient analysis of YZFDF by the methods of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS), as well as the chemical structures of each ingredient were introduced in detail in our previous work ( Liu et al, 2016a ). The YZFDF drug powder was prepared as previously described ( Liu et al, 2016a ; Chan et al, 2020 ). In brief, four herbal medicines were subjected twice to extraction with 75% ethanol for 2 h. The herbal dregs of the extract solution were removed after filtering.…”

“…Yi-Zhi-Fang-Dai formula (YZFDF) is an experiential herbal prescription ( Chan et al, 2020 ) commonly used to cure dementia cases by multiple efficacies of invigorating Qi, dredging brain collaterals, and promoting neurological function recovery. YZFDF is purely composed of herbal medicines with various bioactive ingredients, such as bilobalide, ginkgolide A, ginsenoside Rg1, cistanoside A, and α-asarone ( Liu et al, 2016a ). Our previous work showed that YZFDF and EGb761, the extracts from its main herb ( Ginkgo biloba leaves), can inhibit microglial activation, regulate inflammatory responses, and protect the BBB against toxic Aβ-induced damage in vitro and in vivo ( Wan WB.…”