Yield and canopy characteristics of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) as influenced by cutting management

Trócsányi, Zs. Kiss; Fieldsend, Andrew F.; Wolf, Douglas A.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.08.014

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Delayed harvest, and consequent later tiller maturity, resulted in greater DMYs for all cultivars. These results are in agreement with previous studies, where a single, end-of-season harvest provided maximum switchgrass DMYs [31,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Harvesting at later stages of switchgrass growth and development will also increase lignocellulose and decrease mineral concentration in biomass [38,42,[46][47][48].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Developmental Morphology and Biomass Yield of Upland and Lowland Switchgrass Ecotypes Grown in Iowa

et al. 2018

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Sustainable development of the bioenergy industry will depend upon the amount and quality of bioenergy feedstock produced. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a model lignocellulosic bioenergy crop but critical information is lacking for improved management, growth, and development simulation model calibration. A field study was conducted near Ames, IA during 2012-2013 with the objective to evaluate upland ("Cave-in-Rock", 'Trailblazer' and 'Blackwell') and lowland ("Kanlow" and "Alamo") switchgrass ecotypes for harvest timing on morphology (i.e., phenology, leaf area index (LAI), and biomass yield). The experiment used a randomized complete block design, with three upland and two lowland varieties harvested at six dates annually. In both years, delaying harvest to later maturity increased biomass yield; lowland cultivars produced greater biomass yield (6.15 tons ha −1 ) than upland ecotypes (5.10 tons ha −1 ). Lowland ecotypes had delayed reproductive development compared with upland ecotypes. At the end of both growing seasons, upland ecotypes had greater mean stage count (MSC) than lowland ecotypes. "Cave-in-Rock" had greatest MSC and LAI, but did not produce the greatest biomass. Relationships were nonlinear between MSC and biomass yield, with significant cultivar-year interaction. The relationship between biomass yield and MSC will be useful for improving switchgrass, including cultivar selection, fertilizer application, and optimum harvest time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Developmental Morphology and Biomass Yield of Upland and Lowland Switchgrass Ecotypes Grown in Iowa

et al. 2018

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“…Current recommendations call for a minimum stubble height of 14 cm regardless of harvest timing to reduce tire damage and soil erosion and to maintain adequate carbohydrates in plant storage organs for regrowth (3,17). Evidence suggests that low cutting heights will weaken switchgrass stands over time by reducing winter energy storage and thus reduce future yields and increase weed invasion (12,20). Other studies have found that three growing‐season harvests will result in adverse effects on stand viability (10).…”

Section: Managing Switchgrass Long Term For Integrated Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and Stand Persistence of Switchgrass as Affected by Cutting Height and Variety

Ashworth

Keyser

Holcomb

et al. 2013

Forage & Grazinglands

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Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a high‐yielding forage species with low input demands on marginal soils. However, long‐term response of prominent varieties to cutting heights is not well documented. To examine varietal type and cutting height impacts, three varieties of switchgrass (‘Cave‐in‐Rock’, ‘Kanlow’, and ‘Alamo’) that were established in 1992 for a previous study were evaluated in Knoxville, TN, from 2008 to 2011. Switchgrass plots were harvested at 10‐, 20‐, 30‐, and 41‐cm cutting heights in a two‐cut system (June and September annually) to determine if lower harvest height affected forage yield and stand persistence. Plots were visually rated during the final year (2011) to assess stand vigor. Interactions were detected for total yield by cutting height and year (P < 0.05); shorter cutting heights appeared to negatively impact yields in subsequent years and the highest cutting height resulted in lower yields. However, there were no varietal yield responses to cutting heights. Shorter cutting height treatments (10 and 20 cm) had reduced Alamo and Kanlow presence (P < 0.05) by the end of the 4‐yr study period. Consequently, lower switchgrass cutting heights (10 and 20 cm) may maximize short‐term forage yield; however, stand persistence may be compromised long term, especially in lowland varieties.

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“…Generally, the major nutrient requirement of switchgrass is N (Trocsanyi et al, 2009;Guretzky et al, 2011), and the amount needed largely depends on the productivity of cultivars, yield potential at specific locations, and harvest management practices. For example, lowland and upland switchgrass yields ranged from 10.4 to 19.1 Mg ha À1 in response to 50 kg N ha À1 in the upper southeastern USA (Fike et al, 2006b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of harvest frequency and biosolids application on switchgrass yield, feedstock quality, and theoretical ethanol yield

et al. 2013

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Sustainable development of a bioenergy industry will require low-cost, high-yielding biomass feedstock of desirable quality. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is one of the primary feedstock candidates in North America, but the potential to grow this biomass crop using fertility from biosolids has not been fully explored. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of harvest frequency and biosolids application on switchgrass in Virginia, USA. 'Cave-in-Rock' switchgrass from well-established plots was cut once (November) or twice (July and November) per year between 2010 and 2012. Class A biosolids were applied once at rates of 0, 153, 306, and 459 kg N ha À1 in May 2010. Biomass yield, neutral and acid detergent fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and ash were determined. Theoretical ethanol potential (TEP, l ethanol Mg À1 biomass) and yield (TEY, l ethanol ha À1) were calculated based on cellulose and hemicellulose concentrations. Cutting twice per season produced greater biomass yields than one cutting (11.7 vs. 9.8 Mg ha À1 ) in 2011, but no differences were observed in other years. Cutting once produced feedstock with greater TEP (478 vs. 438 l Mg À1 ), but no differences in TEY between cutting frequencies. Biosolids applied at 153, 306, and 459 kg N ha À1 increased biomass yields by 25%, 37%, and 46%, and TEY by 25%, 34%, and 42%, respectively. Biosolids had inconsistent effects on feedstock quality and TEP. A single, end-of-season harvest likely will be preferred based on apparent advantages in feedstock quality. Biosolids can serve as an effective alternative to N fertilizer in switchgrass-to-energy systems.

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Yield and canopy characteristics of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) as influenced by cutting management

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Developmental Morphology and Biomass Yield of Upland and Lowland Switchgrass Ecotypes Grown in Iowa

Developmental Morphology and Biomass Yield of Upland and Lowland Switchgrass Ecotypes Grown in Iowa

Yield and Stand Persistence of Switchgrass as Affected by Cutting Height and Variety

Effects of harvest frequency and biosolids application on switchgrass yield, feedstock quality, and theoretical ethanol yield

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