Yield and Fiber Quality Potential for Triallel Crosses in Cotton: 2- Superiority

Abstract

In this study five varieties were used. These varieties were Suvin (P1), TNB (P2), Pima S6 (P3), G. 88 (P4) and G. 89 (P5). The all possible crosses among the three parental varieties to form 30 three way crosses. All genetic materials (five parental varieties, 30 three-way crosses, 10 F1 single crosses and two check varieties) were evaluated at Sakha Agriculture Research Station. Heterosis (Superiority) at Mid-parents, better parent, mid-F1 single crosses, better F1 single crosses, mid-checks and better check were evaluated for yield, yield components and fiber traits.The results of the analysis of variances of all genotypes showed highly significant differences for all the studied traits.For superiority (heterosis) over the mid-parents the results indicated that the three-way cross (G. 88 x G. 89) x Pima S6 cleaned the highest positive heterosis for boll weight (B.W) and number of seeds per boll (No.S./B.). The cross (Pima S6 x G. 88) x Suvin for seed cotton yield per plant (S.C.Y./P.) and number of bolls per plant No.B./P. In the same time the cross (G. 88 x G. 89) x TNB was the superior and had the highest heterosis for lint cotton yield per plant (L.C.Y./P.). On the other hand, the superior cross for lint percentage (L. %), lint index (L.I) and fiber strength (F.S.) was (Suvin x G. 89) x Pima S6. However, for 2.5% span length (2.5% S.L.), 50% span length (50% S.L.) and uniformity ratio % (U.R.%) the three way cross (TNB x Pima S6) x G. 89 was the superior and had the highest positive heterosis values (desirable).Concerning heterosis over the better parent, the results cleared that the crosses (G. 88 x G. 89) x TNB, (Suvin x G. 89) x Pima S6 and (G. 88 x G. 89) x Pima S6 were the superior and had the highest positive heterosis values (superiority) for lint cotton yield per plant (L.C.Y./P.), lint percentage (L. %) and number of seeds per boll (No. S./B.). In the same time, the three way cross (TNB x Pima S6) x G. 89 was the highest for 2.5% span length (2.5% S.L.), 50% span length (50% S.L.) and uniformity ratio % (U.R.%). On the other hand, for seed index (S.I.) and boll weight (B.W.) the results cleared that the superior cross was (Pima S6 x G. 89) x TNB and the cross (Pima S6 x G. 88) x Suvin was the superior for seed cotton yield per plant S.C.Y./P. and number of bolls per plant (No.B./P.). However, the cross (Suvin x TNB) x G. 89 was the superior and had the highest positive heterosis values for lint index (L.I.).The estimates of heterosis (Superiority) over the mid-F1 single cross. The results revealed that, the three way crosses (Pima S6 x G. 89) x TNB, (TNB x Pima S6) x Suvin, (G. 88 x G. 89) x Pima S6 and (TNB x Pima S6) x G. 88 were the superior and had the highest positive significant heterosis (superiority) for boll weight (B.W.), seed index (S.I.), number of seeds per boll (No.S/B.) and fiber strength (F.S.). While, the cross (Suvin x TNB) x Pima S6 was the superior and had the lowest negative heterosis value (desirable) for fiber fineness. On the other hand, the cross (TNB x Pima S6) x G. 89 was...

Heterosis and Estimation of General and Specific Combining Ability as Base for Selected Superior Recombination of the Some Crossed Cotton Genotypes

“…Thus, it can be concluded that the parents possessing only high values need not necessarily produce high yielding hybrids as indicated by the present study, Yehia, et al [36] and El-Hashash [8] and Sorour et al [33] reported that some crosses exhibited significant or highly significant positive heterosis over midparents for yield, yield components and fiber traits, While, the heterosis over better parent exhibited insignificant positive and desirable for all studied traits. The significant negative heterosis suggested the importance of additive genetic components EL-Hashash [8] and Yehia and EL-Hashash [31].…”

Genetic parameter estimates from line x tester mating design and principal component analysis for yield, its components and fiber traits in cotton (Gossypium barbadense L).

“…Consequently, the parents involved in the TNB x G. 94, (G.90x Aus.12) x G.86 and G.96 x G.94 combinations should be used in improving yield, its components and fiber quality traits, and the best crosses should be used in initiating the breeding program in Egypt. Some F1 hybrids reflected desirable (positive/negative) heterotic effects for cotton yield, its components, and fiber quality traits when estimated, especially, with the higher parents.The obtained results are consistent with previous findings of (Yehia et al, 2009;and El-Hashash, 2013;Patel and Patel, 2018;Yehia and El-Hashash, 2019;and Mariz et al, 2021) they reported significant heterosis in desired sign and direction for all studied traits in cotton.Based on MPH and BPH, the crosses TNB x G. 94, (G.90x Aus.12) x G.86 and G.96 x G.94 were identified as the best hybrids chosen in the best combination for yield, yield components and fiber quality traits.The preponderance of dominance type of gene actions clearly indicated that the selection of superior plants should be postponed to the next generations. The significant negative heterosis suggested the importance of additive genetic components (Muhammed et al, 2003;El-Hashash, 2013).…”