Yield and its components according to maize sowing times at offseason in the Northern of Mato Grosso state, Brazil

Fiorini, Ivan Vilela Andrade; Pereira, Helcio Duarte; Medeiros, A.L.; Pires, Luíz Paulo Miranda

doi:10.18067/jbfs.v5i2.195

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Sowing density for corn ( Zea mays L.) cultivation is of paramount importance to obtain high grain yields 1 , 2 . Specifically, the average sowing density recommended for current corn hybrids grown in Brazil ranges from 45,000 to 65,000 plants ha −1 3 , 4 , depending on the hybrid and the sowing date. In general, yield per unit area increases with increasing plant population density, while plant yield decreases, owing to the stress caused by plant overcrowding 1 , 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have examined maize population density under varying soil conditions, locations, and, especially, sowing seasons 4 – 6 or the second sowing season after soybean harvest. These studies are particularly relevant in cases where conditions of low precipitation prevail during maize cropping in the second season, which comprises the late rainy and the early dry seasons under tropical climate features 7 , including rainy summers and dry winters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variable-rate in corn sowing for maximizing grain yield

Silva

Baio

Kolling

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Sowing density is one of the most influential factors affecting corn yield. Here, we tested the hypothesis that, according to soil attributes, maximum corn productivity can be attained by varying the seed population. Specifically, our objectives were to identify the soil attributes that affect grain yield, in order to generate a model to define the optimum sowing rate as a function of the attributes identified, and determine which vegetative growth indices can be used to predict yield most accurately. The experiment was conducted in Chapadão do Céu-GO in 2018 and 2019 at two different locations. Corn was sown as the second crop after the soybean harvest. The hybrids used were AG 8700 PRO3 and FS 401 PW, which have similar characteristics and an average 135-day cropping cycle. Tested sowing rates were 50, 55, 60, and 65 thousand seeds ha−1. Soil attributes evaluated included pH, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, clay content, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation. Additionally, we measured the correlation between the different vegetative growth indices and yield. Linear correlations were obtained through Pearson’s correlation network, followed by path analysis for the selection of cause and effect variables, which formed the decision trees to estimate yield and seeding density. Magnesium and apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) were the most important soil attributes for determining sowing density. Thus, the plant population should be 56,000 plants ha−1 to attain maximum yield at ECa values > 7.44 mS m−1. In addition, the plant population should be 64,800 plants ha−1 at values < 7.44 mS m−1 when magnesium levels are greater than 0.13 g kg−1, and 57,210 plants ha−1 when magnesium content is lower. Trial validation showed that the decision tree effectively predicted optimum plant population under the local experimental conditions, where yield did not significantly differ among populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable-rate in corn sowing for maximizing grain yield

Silva

Baio

Kolling

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…However, maize off-season potential yield is lower than that for maize cultivated as a summer crop, which is a consequence of weather conditions during the crop cycle, with lower solar radiation, air temperature and photoperiod (SOLER;. Besides, maize off-season yield is also affected by the high rainfall variability during the half end of its crop cycle, during autumn and winter, which imposes climatic risks for this crop, impacting the entire production system (FIORINI et al, 2018;SOLER;HOOGENBOOM, 2007). Thus, it is important to know how weather variables affect the soybean and maize crops, which will help to determine how such impacts can be mitigated.…”

Section: Soybean and Maize Crops In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean and maize off-season sowing dates when cultivated in succession: impacts of climate variability on yield and profitability

Junior¹,

Souza²

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In the last decade, Brazilian soybean and maize, cultivated in succession, accounted for 23.8 ± 1.9% and 6.9 ± 0.9 % of world´s production, respectively. More than 80% of soybean and maize production in Brazil is under rainfed conditions, which results in a high interannual yield variability and, consequently, increasing the risks for food supply, not only in the country but also around the world. Among the natural phenomena that cause climate and yield variability in Brazil, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most important. The best way to minimize the impacts of ENSO, mainly those associated to water deficit in rainfed crops, is by defining the most favorable sowing dates, when the probability of crop failure is small. Based on that, this study aimed: to determine the best sowing dates for the soybean-maize production system, based on the economic profitability at national scale; to assess the influence of the ENSO phases (El Niño, La Niña and Neutral) on spatial and temporal soybean and maize off-season yield variabilities for different sowing dates; and to determine the magnitude of the current soybeanmaize succession yield gap due to water deficit and crop management in different Brazilian producing regions. To achieve such goals, soybean and maize off-season simulations were performed using three previously calibrated and validated crop simulation models (FAO-AZM, DSSAT and APSIM), in a multi-model approach. Soybean and maize yields were simulated for 29 locations in 12 states, with soybean sowing dates ranging from 21 st September to 1 st January, for a period of 34 years (1980-2013). Maize sowings were simulated in the same day soybean was harvested. The optimal sowing dates for soybean-maize succession varied according to the Brazilian region, with water deficit, solar radiation and air temperature being the main weather variables that influenced this crop system. ENSO phases affected soybean and maize yields across the country, having, in general, opposite effects during the warm (El Niño) and cold (La Niña) phases, but also depending on the sowing date considered. The yield gap (YG) of soybean-maize succession varied among locations, sowing dates and growing seasons. However, the yield gaps caused by water deficit (YGw) were, on average, higher than those caused by sub-optimal crop management (YGm), which can be explained by the high inter-annual and spatial climate variability observed in the Brazilian territory.

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Closing the Gap: Sustainable Intensification Implications of Increased Corn Yields and Quality for Second-Crop (safrinha) in Mato Grosso, Brazil

et al. 2021

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Corn grown as second-crop (safrinha) immediately after soybeans contributes to Brazil’s recent sustainable intensification of efforts to land spare and reduce deforestation. Brazil’s Mato Grosso state is very important for corn production with a large number of available hybrids for producers with different characteristics. Evaluating as many hybrids as possible increases the likelihood of identifying those that are more productive. Our experiment used a randomized block design to evaluate 20 corn hybrids for yield and quality in the western Cerrado savannah region of Mato Grosso state. There were significant differences in silage quality and grain yield between hybrids. Silage quality was correlated with higher grain yield. Corn grain yields for 10 higher-yielding hybrids (average = 11,425 kg/hectare) were significantly greater than the two lowest yielding hybrids (6974 and 8207 kg/hectare) and 64% more than the 2020 average in Mato Grosso. Precipitation was not limiting during our experiment but may be in the drier Cerrado area and during other years. Higher silage quality with lower lignin content and higher in vitro digestibility can improve beef productivity as Brazil transitions from extensive grazing to more intensified systems such as pasture supplementation. Increasing corn grain yields in Mato Grosso can hedge against lower crop yields elsewhere.

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Yield and its components according to maize sowing times at offseason in the Northern of Mato Grosso state, Brazil

Abstract: Conflito de interesse Os autores declararam que não há conflito de interesse. Financiamento: Os autores declararam que não houve financiamento para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa.

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Variable-rate in corn sowing for maximizing grain yield

Variable-rate in corn sowing for maximizing grain yield

Soybean and maize off-season sowing dates when cultivated in succession: impacts of climate variability on yield and profitability

Closing the Gap: Sustainable Intensification Implications of Increased Corn Yields and Quality for Second-Crop (safrinha) in Mato Grosso, Brazil

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