Yield and yield components of facultative wheat are affected by sowing time, nitrogen fertilization and environment

Koppensteiner, Lukas J.; Kaul, Hans‐Peter; Piepho, Hans-Peter; Barta, Norbert; Euteneuer, Pia; Bernas, Jaroslav; Klimek-Kopyra, Agnieszka; Gronauer, Andreas; Neugschwandtner, Reinhard W.

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2022.126591

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…They allow for scientific testing of experimental factors under conditions similar to agriculture practice. Experimental factors can include varying genotypes, sowing times, fertilisation, plant protection, irrigation and disease occurrence due to natural pressure as well as artificial inoculation ( Buerstmayr et al., 2000 ; Koppensteiner et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: From Traditional To Airborne Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Observational units vary across setups, ranging from plots in field experiments and rain-out shelters to pots in greenhouses and growth chambers ( Buerstmayr et al., 2000 ; Yadav, 2017 ; Rezaei et al., 2018 ; Koppensteiner et al., 2022 ). In field trials, units of observation include single seeds ( Zhu et al., 2012 ), single rows ( Buerstmayr et al., 2000 ), micro-plots ( Miedaner et al., 2006 ), and large plots ( Koppensteiner et al., 2022 ), e.g., 1.5 m by 7 m, depending on the amount of available seed material of a genotype in the respective stages of the breeding process. In the context of UAV-based sensor systems discussed in this review, micro-plots and large plots are the most relevant observation units.…”

Section: From Traditional To Airborne Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The duration of this phase, however, is highly affected by environmental conditions. High temperature and insufficient water supply lead to shorter grain filling periods and thus a low average grain weight and even shrivelled grains ( Spiertz, 1974 ; Klepeckas et al., 2020 ), as well as a shorter duration for the translocation of assimilates to the grain and thus lowers the harvest index of wheat ( Davidson and Campbell, 2011 ; Neugschwandtner et al., 2015 ; Koppensteiner et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Gwas To Dissect Drought Tolerance In Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reviewing the essential roles of remote phenotyping, GWAS and explainable AI in practical marker-assisted selection for drought-tolerant winter wheat breeding

Chang-Brahim,

Koppensteiner,

Beltrame

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Marker-assisted selection (MAS) plays a crucial role in crop breeding improving the speed and precision of conventional breeding programmes by quickly and reliably identifying and selecting plants with desired traits. However, the efficacy of MAS depends on several prerequisites, with precise phenotyping being a key aspect of any plant breeding programme. Recent advancements in high-throughput remote phenotyping, facilitated by unmanned aerial vehicles coupled to machine learning, offer a non-destructive and efficient alternative to traditional, time-consuming, and labour-intensive methods. Furthermore, MAS relies on knowledge of marker-trait associations, commonly obtained through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), to understand complex traits such as drought tolerance, including yield components and phenology. However, GWAS has limitations that artificial intelligence (AI) has been shown to partially overcome. Additionally, AI and its explainable variants, which ensure transparency and interpretability, are increasingly being used as recognised problem-solving tools throughout the breeding process. Given these rapid technological advancements, this review provides an overview of state-of-the-art methods and processes underlying each MAS, from phenotyping, genotyping and association analyses to the integration of explainable AI along the entire workflow. In this context, we specifically address the challenges and importance of breeding winter wheat for greater drought tolerance with stable yields, as regional droughts during critical developmental stages pose a threat to winter wheat production. Finally, we explore the transition from scientific progress to practical implementation and discuss ways to bridge the gap between cutting-edge developments and breeders, expediting MAS-based winter wheat breeding for drought tolerance.

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Section: From Traditional To Airborne Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Traditional To Airborne Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gwas To Dissect Drought Tolerance In Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reviewing the essential roles of remote phenotyping, GWAS and explainable AI in practical marker-assisted selection for drought-tolerant winter wheat breeding

Chang-Brahim,

Koppensteiner,

Beltrame

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Autumnsowing of faba bean, which is widely carried out in France and the United Kingdom [4], could be an alternative to the common spring-sowing of faba bean in Central Europe to minimize negative heat and drought effects. Under Central European climate conditions, autumn-sown crops flower earlier, growth stages for yield formation last longer and yields are higher when compared to spring-sown crops, as shown for facultative wheat [5,6] and facultative triticale [7]. Also, autumn-sowing of winter forms of the traditional spring crops faba bean and pea have resulted in higher yields and higher nitrogen (N) uptake than spring-sowing [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Two Seeding Rates on Nitrogen Yield and Nitrogen Fixation of Winter and Spring Faba Bean

Neugschwandtner

Bernhuber

Kammlander

et al. 2023

Plants

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Faba bean (Vicia faba L. minor) is an important grain legume and is widely used as food and feed. It is traditionally used as a spring crop in Central European cropping systems. There is increasing interest in winter faba bean due to a higher yield potential, but limited knowledge of nitrogen (N) yields and nitrogen fixation (NFIX) exists. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare N concentrations, N yield of plant fractions, soil mineral N (SMN) and SMN sparing in the soil after harvest, NFIX and N balance of two winter faba bean varieties (Diva and Hiverna) to those of a spring faba bean (Alexia) using two seeding rates (25 versus 50 germinable seeds m−2) in a two-year field experiment under Pannonian climate conditions in eastern Austria. The winter faba bean varieties had higher N yields and NFIX, not only due to higher biomass yields, but also due to higher N concentrations and a higher percentage of N derived from atmosphere in the biomass. Conversely, the soil mineral N after harvest was lower compared to the spring faba bean. All treatments had a negative N balance due to higher grain N yield than NFIX. Winter faba beans left higher amounts of biologically-fixed N in residues for the subsequent crop, whereas spring faba bean left more SMN. Winter faba bean varieties obtained good results with both seeding rates, whereas the grain yield and the grain N yield of Alexia tended to higher with the higher seeding rate.

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“…Along with other wheat quality indices, TKW was studied in relation to the soil, better results by about 3% being obtained in conditions of cambosol, compared to vertisol (Gessesew et al, 2022). Koppensteiner et al (2022) reported the variation of some productivity elements, including TKW, in wheat in relation to environmental conditions, sowing time, and nitrogen fertilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of the Thousand Kernel Weight in Wheat in Relation to NPK Mineral Fertilization

AGAPIE¹,

Sala²

2022

LSSD

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The study evaluated the variation of the thousand kernel weight (TKW), as an index of wheat quality, in relation to NPK mineral fertilization. The research took place at the Agricultural Research and Development Station Lovrin, Timis County, Romania. The Ciprian wheat variety was cultivated, on a chernozem type soil with medium fertility, under non-irrigated conditions. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied. Nitrogen (N) was applied in three fertilization levels 0, 60 and 120 kg ha-1; phosphorus (P) was applied in two fertilization levels, 0 and 60 kg ha-1; potassium was applied in four fertilization levels, 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1. From the combination of nutritional elements and applied doses, 16 experimental variants was evaluated, and the experiments were organized in four repetitions. The thousand kernel weight (TKW) was evaluated by measurement, with a laboratory balance with a precision of ±0.002 g. The ANOVA test confirmed the safety of the data and the presence of the variance in the data set (F=11.19783, Fcrit=2.80349, p<0.001), under conditions of Alpha=0.001. Strong correlations were identified between TKW and P (r=0.833) and weak correlations between TKW and N (r=0.672). The variation of TKW in relation to the nutritional elements applied was described by different equations, under statistical safety conditions, in relation to the elements taken into analysis. The direct and interaction effect of NPK on TKW variation was observed, under conditions of R2=0.898, p<0.001. 3D models and in the form of isoquants were generated, which graphically described the variation of TKW in relation to N (x-axis) and PK (y-axis). The cluster analysis facilitated the grouping of the experimental variants based on the Euclidean distances, in relation to the TKW values, under statistical safety conditions (Coph.corr.=0.806).

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Yield and yield components of facultative wheat are affected by sowing time, nitrogen fertilization and environment

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Reviewing the essential roles of remote phenotyping, GWAS and explainable AI in practical marker-assisted selection for drought-tolerant winter wheat breeding

Reviewing the essential roles of remote phenotyping, GWAS and explainable AI in practical marker-assisted selection for drought-tolerant winter wheat breeding

Effect of Two Seeding Rates on Nitrogen Yield and Nitrogen Fixation of Winter and Spring Faba Bean

Variation of the Thousand Kernel Weight in Wheat in Relation to NPK Mineral Fertilization

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