Yield Component Development in Four Isogenic Barley Lines Differing in Awn Length

Faris, D. G.

doi:10.4141/cjps74-049

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is therefore usually assumed that the developing primordia are forced to compete for assimilate with other parts of the growing plant, including other tillers (Kirby & Jones, 1977) and possibly also the stem subtending the apex. However, the observation that awnless types usually produce more grains than equivalent awned cultivars (Schaller, Qualset & Rutgers, 1972;Faris, 1974;Rasmusson & Crookston, 1977) suggests that some competition for assimilate may also occur between the various tissues within the apex itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the deficiens allele on ear development and yield in barley

Habgood¹,

Chambi²

1984

Annals of Applied Biology

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S U M M A R YLines partially-isogenic for the dejiciens (VV) and two-rowed ( W) barley ear types were developed in the genetic background of cv. Kym, for comparisons of ear development and yield components.The suppression of lateral floret growth by the V allele during pre-anthesis ear development occurred at a relatively late stage and only occasionally was median floret survival enhanced in the deficiens line. The final size of lateral florets in both dejciens and normal ear types appeared to be largely governed by assimilate supply. At anthesis, the lateral florets comprised about 10% of the dry matter of normal ears, whereas in the dejciens ears the median florets were correspondingly heavier. After anthesis, grain growth in the dejiciens line was slower than in the normal line, although final grain weight was not affected.In another experiment the V allele occasionally increased the number of grains per ear, but consistently decreased the weight per grain. In drilled plot trials, the mean yield of the deficiens line was 8% lower than the normal. Excision of lateral florets at anthesis showed that photosynthesis in these organs did not contribute to the yield advantage of the normal ear type.It is suggested that the inferior performance of the deficiens type was attributable to the greater physical constriction of endosperm expansion imposed by the development of thicker, more rigid, palea and lemma tissues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the deficiens allele on ear development and yield in barley

Habgood¹,

Chambi²

1984

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…Awns are not necessarily a nutrient sink. Awns of some grasses may photosynthesize, offsetting carbon costs and provisioning seeds (Atkins and Finney, 1957 ; Grundbacher, 1963 ; Faris, 1974 ; Olugbemi, 1978 ; Tambussi et al, 2007 ). Photosynthetic awns are common among species in the tribe Triticeae and in subfamily Oryzoideae (Grundbacher, 1963 ; Tambussi et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Possible Functions Of Awnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse ecological functions and the convergent evolution of grass awns

Petersen

Kellogg

2022

American J of Botany

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The awn of grasses is a long, conspicuous outgrowth of the floral bracts in a grass spikelet. It is known to impact agricultural yield, but we know little about its broader ecological function, nor the selective forces that lead to its evolution. Grass awns are phenotypically diverse across the extant ~12,000 species of Poaceae. Awns have been lost and gained repeatedly over evolutionary time, between and within lineages, suggesting that they could be under selection and might provide adaptive benefit in some environments. Despite the phylogenetic context, we know of no studies that have tested whether the origin of awns correlates with putative selective forces on their form and function. Presence or absence of awns is not plastic; rather, heritability is high. The awns of grasses often are suggested as adaptations for dispersal, and most experimental work has been aimed at testing this hypothesis. Proposed dispersal functions include soil burial, epizoochory, and aerial orientation. Awns may also protect the seed from drought, herbivores, or fire by helping it become buried in soil. We do not fully understand the fitness or nutrient costs of awn production, but in some species awns function in photosynthesis, providing carbon to the seed. Here we show that awns likely provide an adaptive advantage, but argue that studies on awn function have lacked critical phylogenetic information to demonstrate adaptive convergent evolution, are taxonomically biased, and often lack clear alternative hypotheses.

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“…The contribution of each independent component may then be measured and its relationship to other yield components tested. Studies of yield components have been done on several crops including strawberry (9,10), barley (7), bean (1,3), rice (11), (13), oat (8), and cranberry (6). Adams (1967) observed component compensation in bean and concluded it was widespread in several crops, citing other negative correlations between yield components in corn, crested wheatgrass, ryegrass, wheat, cotton, rape, sorghum, soybean and barley.…”

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confidence: 99%

Yield Component Analysis in the Cranberry1

Eaton

Kyte

1978

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Yield component analysis was used to study the components of yield diversity in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.). The proportion of uprights flowering and fruit-set were identified as important contributors to yield diversity. Numbers of uprights, flowers per flowering upright, and fruit-size were less important. Isolated yield components were largely influenced by uncontrolled variation. However, component compensation effects were identified. Fruit-set compensated for uprights/dm2 in several areas. Fruit-size compensated for uprights/dm2 and fruit-set for flower number in only one area. Fruit-set and fruit-size were positively correlated in two cases. The numerical techniques employed have positively identified promising areas for further research.

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Yield Component Development in Four Isogenic Barley Lines Differing in Awn Length

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of the deficiens allele on ear development and yield in barley

Effects of the deficiens allele on ear development and yield in barley

Diverse ecological functions and the convergent evolution of grass awns

Yield Component Analysis in the Cranberry1

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