Yield losses in maize due to Striga hermonthica in West and Central Africa

Kim, S. K.; Adetimirin, Victor O.; Dossou, Roland

doi:10.1080/09670870110117408

Cited by 76 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A susceptible genotype could be heavily infested underground without any Striga emergence as a results of several factors. According to Kim et al (2002), one of the major limitations of screening under natural infestation is the variability in Striga seeds dissemination and cultivars escaping infestation. Striga sp.…”

Section: Striga Gesnerioidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for resistance to Striga gesnerioides and estimation of yield loss among Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) progenies in the Upper East Region of Ghana

Leandre¹,

Francis²,

Richard³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Parasitic weed Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) is one of the major constraints of cowpea production. Hostplant resistance seems to be efficient and economical in controlling the pest. The objectives of this study were to evaluate recombinant inbred lines developed between IT97K 499-35 (Striga resistant parent,) and Sanzi (susceptible parent), by Single Seed Descent (SSD), for Striga resistance in Northern Ghana. The study also evaluated the promising Striga gesnerioides resistant lines and susceptible checks for yield loss due to Striga infestation. The studies involved a field and pot screening under artificial inoculation. Twenty-seven (27) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) out of the 251 RILs screened were resistant to Striga gesnerioides. The percentage reduction in the grain yield and dry biomass were lower in the resistant RILs (0.55 to 3.08% and 1.11 to 7.7%, respectively) than the susceptible ones (28.45 to 58.88% and 47.29 to 61.71%, respectively). The negative effect of Striga infestation on cowpea grain yield and dry biomass can then be reduced when resistant genotypes are used.

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Section: Striga Gesnerioidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for resistance to Striga gesnerioides and estimation of yield loss among Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) progenies in the Upper East Region of Ghana

Leandre¹,

Francis²,

Richard³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…Different measures of tolerance have been proposed, ranging from host plant damage scores to yield, yield loss, or relative yield loss under Striga infestation (Efron, 1993;Kim, 1994;Adetimirin et al, 2000b;Gurney et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2002). None of these measures account for the difference in resistance among genotypes and hence they ignore the fact that the observed damage is due both to Striga infection level (resistance) and the extent to which the specific genotype endures these infections (tolerance).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of host tolerance to Striga hermonthica

2006

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SummaryOne of the most promising control options against the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica is the use of crop varieties that combine resistance with high levels of tolerance. The aim of this study was to clarify the relation between Striga infestation level, Striga infection level and relative yield loss of sorghum and to use this insight for exploring the options for a proper screening procedure for tolerance. In three pot experiments, conducted in Mali (2003) and The Netherlands (2003, 2004), four sorghum genotypes were exposed to a range of Striga infestation levels, ranging from 0.0625 to 16 seeds cm . Observations included regular Striga emergence counts and sorghum grain yield at maturity.There were significant genotype, infestation and genotype × infestation effects on sorghum yield. The relation between infestation level and infection level was density dependent. Furthermore, the relation between Striga infection level and relative yield loss was non-linear, though for the most resistant genotype Framida only the linear part of the relation was obtained, as even at high infestation levels only moderate infection levels were achieved. The results suggest that for resistant genotypes, tolerance can best be quantified as a reduced relative yield loss per aboveground Striga plant, whereas for less resistant genotypes the maximum relative yield loss can best be used. Whether both expressions of tolerance are interrelated could not be resolved. Complications of screening for tolerance under field conditions are discussed.Abbreviations: ASNPC, area under the Striga number progress curve; DW kernel , dry weight of kernel yield (g); NS max , maximum aboveground Striga numbers; RYL, relative yield loss (%); Y s , observed yield of an individual plant grown under Striga infestation (g); Y c , average kernel yield of all control plants of a specific genotype (g)

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“…It is the dominant parasitic weed species in the Nigerian savanna, occurring in ecological zones extending from latitude 7 -148N. It is one of the major threats to cereal production where severe damage can cause total crop loss in farmers' fields particularly under low fertility conditions Ogungbile et al, 1998;Marley et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Possibilities for control ofStriga hermonthicain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) using neem (Azadiractha indica) and parkia (Parkia biglobosa)-based products

Marley

Shebayan

et al. 2004

International Journal of Pest Management

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Striga hermonthica is a major threat to cereal production in Nigeria. Management approaches for control of Striga are generally based on cultural control strategies and host plant resistance. The use of plant products for the control of S. hermonthica is limited. Seed and leaf powders of neem and fruit and fruit peel powders of parkia trees were evaluated under screenhouse and field conditions in the Nigerian Savanna. Screenhouse evaluation of the plant materials showed that neem seed powder was the most effective, with only 16.5% of Striga emergence. This was followed by parkia fruit powder and parkia fruit peel powder, with 29.1% and 38.8% Striga emergence respectively. In the field, all plant materials significantly reduced Striga emergence. The lowest number of emerged Striga plants was observed on plots treated with neem seed powder (with 1.7 emerged Striga per 3m 2 while the control plots had 30.3 emerged Striga plants per 3m 2 ). Crop plants treated with neem seed powder did not show any reaction to Striga infestation, while parkia fruit powder and parkia fruit peel powder had reaction scores of 1.7 and 2.0 respectively when compared to neem leaf powder with 3.0 and the control with 4.7. Treatment by all the plant products however, significantly increased grain yield, which was highest in the treatment with neem seed powder. Our results highlight the possibilities of using these plant products for the control of S. hermonthica.

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Yield losses in maize due to Striga hermonthica in West and Central Africa

Cited by 76 publications

References 8 publications

Screening for resistance to Striga gesnerioides and estimation of yield loss among Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) progenies in the Upper East Region of Ghana

Screening for resistance to Striga gesnerioides and estimation of yield loss among Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) progenies in the Upper East Region of Ghana

Characterization of host tolerance to Striga hermonthica

Possibilities for control ofStriga hermonthicain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) using neem (Azadiractha indica) and parkia (Parkia biglobosa)-based products

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