Yield, nodulation, and N2 fixation by cowpea cultivars at different phosphorus levels

Ankomah, A. B.; Zapata, Felipe; Hardarson, G.; Danso, S. K. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00384426

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Not only was this hypothesis clearly confirmed for both Medicago species in association with their own compatible rhizobia, this general trend was also valid for both mycorrhizal and NM plants ( Figure 5 ). These results confirmed previous observations (Ankomah et al, 1996; Vadez et al, 1999; Kuang et al, 2005) made with different leguminous plant species, although the range of environmental conditions (such as P availabilities) was usually more restricted in the previously published case studies than in our current research. Duplication of BNF efficiency due to massive P-fertilization in a mixed clover–grass sward was previously reported from a mesocosm experiment by Edwards et al (2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Stimulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Two Medicago spp. through Improved Phosphorus Acquisition

et al. 2017

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Legumes establish root symbioses with rhizobia that provide plants with nitrogen (N) through biological N fixation (BNF), as well as with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi that mediate improved plant phosphorus (P) uptake. Such complex relationships complicate our understanding of nutrient acquisition by legumes and how they reward their symbiotic partners with carbon along gradients of environmental conditions. In order to disentangle the interplay between BNF and AM symbioses in two Medicago species (Medicago truncatula and M. sativa) along a P-fertilization gradient, we conducted a pot experiment where the rhizobia-treated plants were either inoculated or not inoculated with AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis ‘PH5’ and grown in two nutrient-poor substrates subjected to one of three different P-supply levels. Throughout the experiment, all plants were fertilized with 15N-enriched liquid N-fertilizer to allow for assessment of BNF efficiency in terms of the fraction of N in the plants derived from the BNF (%NBNF). We hypothesized (1) higher %NBNF coinciding with higher P supply, and (2) higher %NBNF in mycorrhizal as compared to non-mycorrhizal plants under P deficiency due to mycorrhiza-mediated improvement in P nutrition. We found a strongly positive correlation between total plant P content and %NBNF, clearly documenting the importance of plant P nutrition for BNF efficiency. The AM symbiosis generally improved P uptake by plants and considerably stimulated the efficiency of BNF under low P availability (below 10 mg kg-1 water extractable P). Under high P availability (above 10 mg kg-1 water extractable P), the AM symbiosis brought no further benefits to the plants with respect to P nutrition even as the effects of P availability on N acquisition via BNF were further modulated by the environmental context (plant and substrate combinations). As a response to elevated P availability in the substrate, the extent of root length colonization by AM fungi was reduced, the turning points occurring at about 8 and 10 mg kg-1 water extractable P for M. sativa and M. truncatula, respectively. Our results indicated competition for limited C resource between the two kinds of microsymbionts and thus degradation of AM symbiotic functioning under ample P supply.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Stimulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Two Medicago spp. through Improved Phosphorus Acquisition

et al. 2017

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“…The current results revealed that even though PUI had a positive influence on crop biomass, N fixation was indirectly affected, as reflected in the total N fixed (kg/ha) in the soil. This observation was in agreement with that of Ankomah et al (1996), who concluded that the P effect on N 2 fixation was mainly in the total amount of N fixed rather than on the percentage derived from the atmosphere. Therefore, incorporation of residues of dual purpose cowpea genotypes with potential for high PUI can improve the residual N content of soils.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Evaluation of early maturing cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) germplasm for variation in phosphorus use efficiency and biological nitrogen fixation potential with indigenous rhizobial populations

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYCowpea genotypes that efficiently utilize phosphorus (P) with high potential for biological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF) are vital to sustainable cropping systems in West Africa. A total of 175 early maturing cowpea genotypes were evaluated in 2010 and 2011 for P use efficiency (PUE) and BNF with an indigenous rhizobial population at Shika in the Northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. There were significant genotypic variations for all 11 variables measured. The P utilization index, percentage N derived from the atmosphere and total N fixed ranged between 2·10–4·67, 31·3–61·86% and 11·86–50 kg/ha, respectively. The 175 early maturing cowpea genotypes were divided into five categories using principal component analysis (PCA), whereby total N fixed was associated with N and P uptake and plant biomass yield. Complete linkage cluster analysis revealed a total of three distinctive clusters having remarkable correspondence with the PCA. Some genotypes were identified as potential candidates for further breeding programmes using high PUE genotypes with relatively high capacity for BNF and indigenous rhizobial populations.

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“…Genotypic differences in the effects of P on nodulation (Ankomah et al, 1995) and yield (Jain et al, 1986;Tenebe et al, 1995;Sanginga et al, 2000) of cowpea have been reported previously. However, mechanisms by which these cowpea varieties exhibit differential abilities to grow at low or high P supply are not completely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Phosphorus Response Efficiency in Cowpea Genotypes

Olaleye¹,

Fagbola²,

Robert³

et al. 2011

JAS

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Phosphorus is important for cowpea production and is inherently low in many tropical soils. Selection of cowpea genotypes that produce good yield under low soil P or those with high P response efficiency can be a low input approach in solving this problem. Therefore, the effect of root architecture and P application on the yield of cowpea and its P uptake were investigated. A screen house experiment was conducted at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Nigeria. Three hundred cowpea genotypes obtained from the germplasm collection Unit of IITA were screened for number of root whorls and total number of roots using a completely randomized design with 12 replicates. Ten cowpea genotypes were further selected from the initial screening to determine the effect of three levels of P (0, 20 and 40 mg P kg^-1 soil) application on their growth and nutrient uptake. The experiment was replicated three times. Phosphorus application significantly (p<0.05) enhanced shoot and root dry weight, total biomass, number of nodules, nodules dry weight, N and P uptake of the cowpea genotypes investigated. Six cowpea genotypes exhibited increases in nodules dry weight with P application. There was no significant relationship between root architecture and P uptake (r = -0.13). The N and P uptake were enhanced by the application of P in the cowpea genotypes studied. In low P soil, IT97K-414-5 was efficient in P uptake and IT92KD-267-2 was efficient in N uptake. The two genotypes may produce cowpea lines suitable in low P soils when used as breeder lines.

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Yield, nodulation, and N2 fixation by cowpea cultivars at different phosphorus levels

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Stimulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Two Medicago spp. through Improved Phosphorus Acquisition

Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Stimulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Two Medicago spp. through Improved Phosphorus Acquisition

Evaluation of early maturing cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) germplasm for variation in phosphorus use efficiency and biological nitrogen fixation potential with indigenous rhizobial populations

Phosphorus Response Efficiency in Cowpea Genotypes

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