Yield Stability of Four Population Types of Grain Sorghum,¹Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, in Different Environments

Abstract

Eight parental lines, 16 F1 hybrids, 16 2‐component blends of parental lines, and 16 2‐component hybrid blends of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) were grown in 9 environments over 2 years in Iowa.Standard analyses of variance and analyses for estimating stability parameters were made for grain yield and yield component data. A stable entry or population was defined as one with a regression coefficient close to 1.0 and deviations from regression near zero. A high mean yield also was deemed an essential attribute for an entry or population.The parameters for grain yield indicated that hybrid blends were the most productive and stable population type, although none of the populations were distinctly superior for all parameters. Hybrid blends had the highest mean yield over all environments and were second among the population types in terms of low deviations from regression and an average regression coefficient near 1.0. Data for the components of yield tended collectively to support the conclusion that hybrid blends were the most stable population type.A hybrid was the highest yielding individual entry in each environment, except one, where a hybrid blend was the most productive. Also, a hybrid had the highest mean yield among individual entries over all environments. Across all environments, 22 of the 32 blended populations yielded more than the pure‐stand mean of then: components. Yields for twelve of the 16 hybrid blends exceeded their mid‐component value. Collectively, the heterogeneous populations yielded 102% of the mean of their homogeneous components. Six of the blends exceeded the mean pure stand yield of their more productive component.

Stability Analysis in Plant Breeding

“…7. Influence of genetic structure on the relative amounts of GE-interactions in sorghum (REiCH andATKINS 1970), rapeseed (LEON 1987), and maize (SCHNELL and BECKER 1986) Pure stand Blended Pure stand…”

The utilization of heterosis for seed yield in hybrid and synthetic cultivars of summer turnip rape

“…These changes are to be expected because certain environments can favour one parental component over another, not unlike that which occurs in naturally open-pollinated populations. The effect of heterozygosity and heterogeneity on performance and yield stability has been studied extensively in maize (Shank and Adams 1960;Reich and Atkins 1970;Schnell and Becker 1986). Yield stability is often referred to in terms of buffering.…”

Grain Yield Comparison of Pure Stands and Equal Proportion Mixtures for Seven Hybrids of Maize

“…Funk and Anderson 1964, Kannenberg and Hunter 1972Juroda-Tovar and Compton 1974;Thompson 1977),but in one study mixtures have given yields both above and below their component means (Kannenberg 1974 (Kannenberg and Hunter 1972) and potato clones (Doney et al 1965) were stronger in competitive influence as the ability to yield increased. On the other hand, Sakai (1955Sakai ( , 1961 and Oka (1960) Reich and Atkins 1970;Shorter and Frey 1979). On the orher hand.…”