Yield, yield components and source-sink relationships in water-stressed sunflower

Sadras, Víctor O.; Connor, David J.; Whitfield, D.M.

doi:10.1016/0378-4290(93)90048-r

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, variations in both yield components depended on the genetic background of the cultivar and not on the plant height. Similar to our observations, Sadras et al (1993) reported a lack of relationship between seed number and plant stature in sunflower. In wheat, on the other hand, seed number is dependent on genetic background (Ehdiae and Waines 1996) with semidwarf cultivars producing more seeds m -2 .…”

Section: Agronomy Trialsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Similar differences in dry matter production by container grown sunflower plants of different height cultivars have been reported (Sadras et al 1993). In Mean 3580C 6099A 6343A 5069B z LSD for cultivar × environment interactions for thousand seed weight and Seed number per square meter were 5.5 and 957, respectively (P < 0.05).…”

Section: Space-planted Trialsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Therefore, the heavier head or capitulum in sunflower was predicted to increase seed yield. Sadras et al (1993) observed higher concentration of labile carbohydrate in semidwarf cultivar compared to standard-height sunflower cultivar, indicating greater availability of assimilate for seed filling in short cultivars. However, in the present study Seed:Head ratio was lower in dwarf sunflower cultivars than in the standard-height cultivars.…”

Section: Space-planted Trialmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In wheat, reduced plant height reduced the competition between stem and panicle growth, which led to a greater fraction of fertile florets (Miralles et al 1997). In contrast, assimilate supply does not limit floret number in the unstressed semidwarf and standard-height sunflower (Sadras et al 1993). Further, remobilisation of assimilate from the stem, which is more important for yield formation in sunflower than in cereals (Whitfield et al 1989;Connor and Sadras 1992), was more dependent on cultivar and not on plant height (Sadras et al 1993).…”

Section: Agronomy Trialmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Agronomic performance of different stature sunflower cultivars under different levels of interplant competition

Angadi¹,

Entz²

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Angadi, S. V. and Entz, M. H. 2002. Agronomic performance of different stature sunflower cultivars under different levels of interplant competition. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82: 43-52. Early-maturing, short-stature sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars improve the adaptability of sunflower to the short growing season of western Canada. However, the agronomic potential of the recently developed dwarf cultivars in comparison to standard-height sunflower is yet to be understood. Multi-environment field studies, consisting of space-planted trials, where interplant competition was low, and agronomy trials, where plants were grown at commercial population densities, were conducted in southern Manitoba to compare the yield formation of dwarf hybrids (sunwheats; , and dwarf open-pollinated cultivars (sunola; Aurora and Sierra) with that of standard-height cultivars (IS-6111 and SF-187). In space-planted trials, dry matter (DM) accumulation and water use efficiency for dry matter production (WUE DM ) decreased as plant height decreased. In agronomy trials, differences in DM and WUE DM among the different height classes were masked. The diversion of assimilate from stem to head depended on the genetic background, while the efficiency of utilising assimilate in the head for seed production was lower in dwarf cultivars. Only one of the four dwarf cultivars (SW-103) displayed a higher harvest index than IS-6111. Higher seed yield for the standard-height cultivar, IS-6111, and the dwarf open-pollinated cultivar, Aurora, compared to other cultivars was attributed to both greater DM and improved DM partitioning. However, variations observed among the dwarf cultivars for DM accumulation and partitioning revealed that the dwarfing gene was not a limiting factor for breeding a dwarf sunflower cultivar with better partitioning of DM along with better yield potential. Dans les essais de culture en touffes, la quantité de matière sèche (MS) accumulée et l'utilisation de l'eau pour la production de matière sèche diminuent avec la taille du plant. Lors des essais agronomiques, l'écart entre ces deux paramètres était masqué chez les tournesols de différentes hauteurs. La diversion des substances assimilées de la tige vers le capitule est commandée par le génome, mais les variétés naines transforment moins efficacement les matières assimilées en graines, dans le capitule. Un seul des quatre cultivars nains (SW-103) présentait un meilleur indice de moisson que la variété IS-6111. Le rendement grainier supérieur du cultivar à taille normale IS-6111 et du cultivar nain à pollinisation libre Aurora est attribuable à une production accrue de MS et à une meilleure répartition de cette dernière. Les variations observées chez les cultivars nains en ce qui concerne l'accumulation et la répartition de la MS indiquent que le gène du nanisme n'interdit pas la sélection d'une variété qui se caractérisera par une meilleure répartition de la MS, donc un rendement supérieur éventuel.Mots clés: Tournesol nain, Sunola, rendement grainier, biomasse, efficie...

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Section: Agronomy Trialsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Space-planted Trialsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Space-planted Trialmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Agronomy Trialmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Agronomic performance of different stature sunflower cultivars under different levels of interplant competition

Angadi¹,

Entz²

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…A supplemental part could be brought by pre-stored carbon in vegetative organs (Hall et al, 1989(Hall et al, , 1990Lopez-Pereira et al, 2008). The contribution of the latter could vary greatly depending on the genotype (Sadras et al, 1993), crop management (fertilization, Andrianasolo et al, 2014) and environmental conditions (water stress, Hall et al, 1989Hall et al, , 1990). …”

Section: Oil Accumulation Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and modelling of the factors controlling seed oil concentration in sunflower: a review

Andrianasolo

Debaeke

Champolivier

et al. 2016

OCL

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-Sunflower appears as a potentially highly competitive crop, thanks to the diversification of its market and the richness of its oil. However, seed oil concentration (OC) -a commercial criterion for crushing industry -is subjected to genotypic and environmental effects that make it sometimes hardly predictable. It is assumed that more understanding of oil physiology combined with the use of crop models should permit to improve prediction and management of grain quality for various end-users. Main effects of temperature, water, nitrogen, plant density and fungal diseases were reviewed in this paper. Current generic and specific crop models which simulate oil concentration were found to be empirical and to lack of proper evaluation processes. Recently two modeling approaches integrating ecophysiological knowledge were developed by Andrianasolo (2014, Statistical and dynamic modelling of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grain composition as a function of agronomic and environmental factors, Ph.D. Thesis, INP Toulouse): (i) a statistical approach relating OC to a range of explanatory variables (potential OC, temperature, water and nitrogen stress indices, intercepted radiation, plant density) which resulted in prediction quality from 1.9 to 2.5 oil points depending on the nature of the models; (ii) a dynamic approach, based on "source-sink" relationships involving leaves, stems, receptacles (as sources) and hulls, proteins and oil (as sinks) and using priority rules for carbon and nitrogen allocation. The latter model reproduced dynamic patterns of all source and sink components faithfully, but tended to overestimate OC. A better description of photosynthesis and nitrogen uptake, as well as genotypic parameters is expected to improve its performance.Keywords: Seed oil concentration / sunflower / genotype / crop management / crop model Résumé -Analyse et modélisation des facteurs contrôlant la teneur en huile chez le tournesol. Le tournesol apparaît comme une culture potentiellement compétitive grâce à la diversité de ses débouchés et de la richesse en huile de ses graines. Cependant, la teneur en huile de la graine (TH) -critère commercial pour la trituration -dépend d'effets génotypiques et environnementaux ce qui en complexifie parfois la prédiction. Nous faisons l'hypothèse qu'une meilleure compréhension de la physiologie de l'accumulation d'huile combinée à l'utilisation de modèles de culture permettrait d'améliorer la prédiction et la gestion de la qualité du grain pour différents usages. Les principaux effets de la température, de l'eau, de l'azote, de la densité de peuplement et des maladies fongiques sont revus dans cette synthèse. Les modèles de culture génériques et spécifiques apparaissent empiriques pour ce qui concerne TH et manquent d'évaluation pour ce critère. Récemment, deux approches de modélisation intégrant des connaissances écophysiolo-giques ont été développées par Andrianasolo (2014, Modélisation statistique et dynamique de la composition de la graine de tournesol (Helianthus annuus L...

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Drought Resistance and Its Improvement

Blum¹

2010

Plant Breeding for Water-Limited Environments

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Yield, yield components and source-sink relationships in water-stressed sunflower

Cited by 52 publications

References 28 publications

Agronomic performance of different stature sunflower cultivars under different levels of interplant competition

Agronomic performance of different stature sunflower cultivars under different levels of interplant competition

Analysis and modelling of the factors controlling seed oil concentration in sunflower: a review

Drought Resistance and Its Improvement

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