Yielding behaviour of rubber and diluent-modified dimethacrylate polymers for use in dental composites

Forrest, Mark; Cook, Wayne D.; Goodwin, Andy A; Televantos, Frank

doi:10.1002/1097-0126(200101)50:1<53::aid-pi555>3.0.co;2-d

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[1,2,5] The polymer matrix is usually formed by free radical crosslinking polymerization. The combination of various types of dimethacrylate and multimethacrylate monomers is very often used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocrosslinking Polymerization of Methacrylate Modified Triethoxysilanes Polycondensates and Multifunctional Methacrylates

Pavlineč

Moszner

2003

Macro Materials & Eng

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Densely crosslinked polymer networks were prepared by fast, visible light‐induced polymerization at 20–22 °C. The two methacrylate functionalized triethoxysilanes polycondensates (MSiP) either alone, or in a mixture with methacrylate modified oxozirconium clusters, were polymerized separately and as comonomers to multimethacrylate monomers in a weight ratio of 1:0.9. Pure organic networks based on 1,6‐bis(2‐hydroxy‐3‐methacryloyloxyethoxycarbonylamino)‐2,2,4‐trimethylhexane (UDMA) were used for comparison in the same ratio to other comonomers. The networks based on organic bifunctional monomers showed high, around 85% conversion of double bonds. Nevertheless the non‐reacted monomer that migrates to the toluene amounts from 5.6 to 11.65 wt.‐%. Copolymerization of UDMA with tetrafunctional components resulted in networks with higher residual unsaturation up to 27.7%. This result points out the important role that functionality and the spacer structure between the monomer double bonds play in the extent of reaction. Based only on modified inorganic SiOSi nano‐structures the networks are characterized by nearly complete building up of MSiP in the network, extreme crosslinks density, and mostly less than 1 wt.‐% of soluble substances. However, residual unsaturations exceeded 22%. The advantage of copolymerization of MSiP with proper organic comonomers as potential solvent free matrices for dental composites was demonstrated by a network consisting of MSiP II and UDMA. The 13.7% of unreacted double bonds and 99.65 wt.‐% gel content approximated efforts to minimize residual unsaturation and maximize monomer conversion in cured networks.Monomers used for the synthesis of the densely crosslinked polymer.magnified imageMonomers used for the synthesis of the densely crosslinked polymer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocrosslinking Polymerization of Methacrylate Modified Triethoxysilanes Polycondensates and Multifunctional Methacrylates

Pavlineč

Moszner

2003

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…The development of 3D‐printing denture bases is particularly challenging as these materials must exhibit high mechanical properties (high flexural strength and modulus) as well as high fracture toughness. [ 6 ] Due to the low reactivity and high volatility of MMA, conventional MMA‐based denture base materials are hardly suitable for 3D printing and stereolithographic resins therefore mainly consist of dimethacrylates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, dimethacrylate-based materials often exhibit a significantly higher crosslink density than thermally cured stepgrowth resin systems, and thus exhibit brittle material behavior prone to catastrophic failure. [6,7] Due to the high crosslinking, no pronounced plastic deformation can occur prior to failure as no rearrangement or orientations of the chains can take place, as it is typically the case with thermoplastic materials (crazing, necking). As a result, toughening technologies are required to enable 3D printing of tough dimethacrylate-based denture materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Block Copolymer Concentration and Resin Crosslink Density on the Properties of UV‐Curable Methacrylate Resin Systems

Demleitner

Schönl

Angermann

et al. 2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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Additive manufacturing is on the verge of replacing established processes in dentistry, as it offers the possibility of manufacturing individual parts simply and cost-effectively. Due to its suitability for a wide variety of materials and, above all, its high precision, the focus is currently on stereolithographic processes. Intrinsic brittleness of the used multifunctional acrylic monomers remains however one of the major challenges. One promising concept is the use of block copolymers (BCPs) guaranteeing minor effects on 3D-printing processing and UV-curing due to initially at least partial solubility, and hence low viscosity impact. A polycaprolactone-polysiloxane (PCL-PDMS-PCL) triblock copolymer is synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of caprolactone and used in radical UV-cured methacrylic resin systems. Small angle X-ray scattering measurements reveal the self-assembly of the BCPs to objects of around 20 nm prior to curing. Subsequently, thermo-mechanical characterization is carried out by dynamic mechanical analysis, flexural testing, and fracture toughness measurements (K IC ). Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy micrographs show a homogenous distribution of the BCPs and effective toughening via cavitation and shear yielding. The influence of the crosslink density on the toughness and the high effectiveness of block copolymers for improving fracture toughness is clearly shown.

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Yielding behaviour of rubber and diluent-modified dimethacrylate polymers for use in dental composites

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Photocrosslinking Polymerization of Methacrylate Modified Triethoxysilanes Polycondensates and Multifunctional Methacrylates

Photocrosslinking Polymerization of Methacrylate Modified Triethoxysilanes Polycondensates and Multifunctional Methacrylates

Influence of Block Copolymer Concentration and Resin Crosslink Density on the Properties of UV‐Curable Methacrylate Resin Systems

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