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Busso, Carlos S.; Devos, Katrien M.; Ross, G. J.; Mortimore, Michael; Adams, William M.; Ambrose, Michael; Alldrick, Sharon; Gale, M. D.

doi:10.1023/a:1008767220320

Cited by 53 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thereby, farmers, together with the environmental factors, shape the pearl millet populations (cf. [9,21]). Identifying the variables that are correlated with population structure, thus, has the potential to help identify adaptive traits as well as the environmental conditions which are the driving factors of adaptation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Landraces were considered as different, if they have a different local name or were collected from different locations (cf. [9]). The number of inbreds per landrace ranged from one to two and was on average 1.2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] determined the influence of farmer management on pearl millet landrace diversity in two villages in North-Eastern Nigeria. [10] assessed the genetic diversity within and between ten Indian pearl millet landraces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of molecular and phenotypic diversity in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] from West and Central Africa and their relation to geographical and environmental parameters

Stich

Haussmann²,

Pasam

et al. 2010

BMC Plant Biol

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BackgroundThe distribution area of pearl millet in West and Central Africa (WCA) harbours a wide range of climatic and environmental conditions as well as diverse farmer preferences and pearl millet utilization habits which have the potential to lead to local adaptation and thereby to population structure. The objectives of our research were to (i) assess the geographical distribution of genetic diversity in pearl millet inbreds derived from landraces, (ii) assess the population structure of pearl millet from WCA, and (iii) identify those geographical parameters and environmental factors from the location at which landraces were sampled, as well as those phenotypic traits that may have affected or led to this population structure. Our study was based on a set of 145 inbred lines derived from 122 different pearl millet landraces from WCA.ResultsFive sub-groups were detected within the entire germplasm set by STRUCTURE. We observed that the phenotypic traits flowering time, relative response to photoperiod, and panicle length were significantly associated with population structure but not the environmental factors which are expected to influence these traits in natural populations such as latitude, temperature, or precipitation.ConclusionsOur results suggested that for pearl millet natural selection is compared to artificial selection less important in shaping populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of molecular and phenotypic diversity in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] from West and Central Africa and their relation to geographical and environmental parameters

Stich

Haussmann²,

Pasam

et al. 2010

BMC Plant Biol

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“…Many studies have characterized impact of farmer variety management at the genetic level (e.g., Busso et al, 2000; Vargas-Ponce et al, 2009), emphasizing the importance of gene flow, especially in traditional allogamous crops (e.g., Barnaud et al, 2006; Claid, 2011) and between cultivated landraces and wild relatives of crops (Jarvis and Hodgkin, 1999; Barnaud et al, 2009). Indeed, sexual reproduction cycles are fundamental to reshuﬄing coexisting diversity, therefore creating new combinations of traits and potential new varieties (Scarcelli et al, 2006), or increase diversity within existing varieties when seedlings are incorporated in already existing varieties (Elias et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While varieties are correctly interpreted as transient collections of genotypes more or less unified under a phenotypic template and subjected to dynamic genetic evolution over time (Busso et al, 2000), much less is known about temporal dynamics of varieties, especially from early genesis to their eventual loss. Variety adoption by farmers demonstrably correlates with agronomic characteristics, usually pertaining to productivity (Bellon, 1996), resistance to pests or adverse cropping conditions (Mulumba et al, 2012; Sajise et al, 2012), environmental conditions (Bamire and Amujoyegbe, 2005) but also to stability of production (Altieri, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varietal Dynamics and Yam Agro-Diversity Demonstrate Complex Trajectories Intersecting Farmers’ Strategies, Networks, and Disease Experience

et al. 2016

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Loss of varietal diversity is a worldwide challenge to crop species at risk for genetic erosion, while the loss of biological resources may hinder future breeding objectives. Loss of varieties has been mostly investigated in traditional agricultural systems where variety numbers are dramatically high, or for most economically important crop species for which comparison between pre-intensive and modern agriculture was possible. Varietal dynamics, i.e., turnover, or gains and losses of varieties by farmers, is nevertheless more rarely studied and while we currently have good estimates of genetic or varietal diversity for most crop species, we have less information as to how on farm agro-diversity changes and what cause its dynamics. We therefore investigated varietal dynamics in the agricultural yam system in the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe. We interviewed producers about varieties they cultivated in the past compared to their current varieties, in addition to characterizing yam cropping characteristics and both farm level and producers socio-economic features. We then used regression tree analyses to investigate the components of yam agro-diversity, varietal dynamics and impact of anthracnose on varieties. Our data demonstrated that no dramatic loss of varieties occurred within the last decades. Cultivation changes mostly affected widespread cultivars while frequency of uncommon varieties stayed relatively stable. Varietal dynamics nevertheless followed sub-regional patterns, and socio-economic influences such as producer age or farm crop diversity. Recurrent anthracnose epidemics since the 1970s did not alter varietal dynamics strongly, but sometimes translated into transition from Dioscorea alata to less susceptible species or into a decrease of yam cultivation. Factors affecting changes in agro-diversity were not relating to agronomy in our study, and surprisingly there were different processes delineating short term from long term varietal dynamics, independently of disease risk. Our results highlighted the importance of understanding varietal dynamics, an often overlooked component of agriculture sustainability, in addition to evolutionary forces shaping agro-diversity and genetic diversity distribution within crops. It is also crucial to understand how processes involved do scale up worldwide and for different crop species, so as not to mislead on-farm conservation efforts and efficacy of agro-diversity preservation.

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Linking Biodiversity and Poverty Alleviation in the Drylands – The Concept of ‘Useful’ Biodiversity

Mortimore¹

2012

Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Alleviation: Exploring the Evidence for a Link

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Cited by 53 publications

References 13 publications

Patterns of molecular and phenotypic diversity in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] from West and Central Africa and their relation to geographical and environmental parameters

Patterns of molecular and phenotypic diversity in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] from West and Central Africa and their relation to geographical and environmental parameters

Varietal Dynamics and Yam Agro-Diversity Demonstrate Complex Trajectories Intersecting Farmers’ Strategies, Networks, and Disease Experience

Linking Biodiversity and Poverty Alleviation in the Drylands – The Concept of ‘Useful’ Biodiversity

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