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Gough, William A.; Lillyman, Carrie D.; Karagatzides, Jim D.; Tsuji, Leonard J. S.

doi:10.1023/a:1015599302746

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Air temperatures over 31 °C can occur during the summer where three consecutive days of such air temperatures are defined as an extreme heat event in southern Ontario (Anderson 2016 ). Coupled with high humidity, the humidex values can climb into the 40 °C range during a summer heat event (Gough and Rosanov 2001 ; Gough et al 2002 ; Mohsin and Gough 2010 ; Gough and Sokappadu 2016 ; Anderson et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-based cooling potential: a multi-type green infrastructure evaluation in Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Anderson

Gough

2021

Int J Biometeorol

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The application of green infrastructure presents an opportunity to mitigate rising temperatures using a multi-faceted ecosystems-based approach. A controlled field study in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, evaluates the impact of nature-based solutions on near surface air temperature regulation focusing on different applications of green infrastructure. A field campaign was undertaken over the course of two summers to measure the impact of green roofs, green walls, urban vegetation and forestry systems, and urban agriculture systems on near surface air temperature. This study demonstrates that multiple types of green infrastructure applications are beneficial in regulating near surface air temperature and are not limited to specific treatments. Widespread usage of green infrastructure could be a viable strategy to cool cities and improve urban climate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-based cooling potential: a multi-type green infrastructure evaluation in Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Anderson

Gough

2021

Int J Biometeorol

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“…When air temperatures over 31 • C can occur for three consecutive days, this is defined as a regional extreme heat event [88]. Coupled with high humidity, the Humidex values can reach 40 • C during a summer heat event [9,10,37,89,90]. To contextualize the study within general climate conditions, the climate normal for Toronto, Ontario, Canada (1981-2010), for the months of July and August for the mean daily air temperature are 22.3 • C and 21.5 • C, respectively [6].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lowering the Temperature to Increase Heat Equity: A Multi-Scale Evaluation of Nature-Based Solutions in Toronto, Ontario, Canada

et al. 2022

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Nature-based solutions (NbS) present an opportunity to reduce rising temperatures and the urban heat island effect. A multi-scale study in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, evaluates the effect of NbS on air and land surface temperature through two field campaigns at the micro and meso scales, using in situ measurements and LANDSAT imagery. This research demonstrates that the application of NbS in the form of green infrastructure has a beneficial impact on urban climate regimes with measurable reductions in air and land surface temperatures. Broad implementation of green infrastructure is a sustainable solution to improve the urban climate, enhance heat and greenspace equity, and increase resilience.

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Weather sensitivity for zoo visitation in Toronto, Canada: a quantitative analysis of historical data

Hewer

Gough

2016

Int J Biometeorol

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Based on a case study of the Toronto Zoo (Canada), multivariate regression analysis, involving both climatic and social variables, was employed to assess the relationship between daily weather and visitation. Zoo visitation was most sensitive to weather variability during the shoulder season, followed by the off-season and, then, the peak season. Temperature was the most influential weather variable in relation to zoo visitation, followed by precipitation and, then, wind speed. The intensity and direction of the social and climatic variables varied between seasons. Temperatures exceeding 26 °C during the shoulder season and 28 °C during the peak season suggested a behavioural threshold associated with zoo visitation, with conditions becoming too warm for certain segments of the zoo visitor market, causing visitor numbers to decline. Even light amounts of precipitation caused average visitor numbers to decline by nearly 50 %. Increasing wind speeds also demonstrated a negative influence on zoo visitation.

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Untitled

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Nature-based cooling potential: a multi-type green infrastructure evaluation in Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Nature-based cooling potential: a multi-type green infrastructure evaluation in Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Lowering the Temperature to Increase Heat Equity: A Multi-Scale Evaluation of Nature-Based Solutions in Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Weather sensitivity for zoo visitation in Toronto, Canada: a quantitative analysis of historical data

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