“You Selling?”: Snack Sales and the Construction of Deviance in a High School

Abstract

Youths’ affinity for snack foods is well-documented; in various contexts, they sell chips, candy, and other goods. Adults may frame such sales as either entrepreneurial or deviant, which can contribute to positive youth development (on one hand) or cycles of disengagement and criminalization (on the other). Drawing on ethnographic and interview data from Hamilton High School, I show how adults’ criminalization of snack sales led the activity to more closely resemble that which they feared: drug sales. Snack sales constitute one way in which youth exercise agency in the face of broad institutional control, leading some to challenge the legitimacy of the school overall. These findings represent a case of how youth experience “criminalized childhoods” in a school context.

Juvenile School Discipline and Well-Being Among College-Educated Emerging Adults

“…Our intense focus on these issues may have blinded us from challenging the role and practice of school discipline more broadly and considering its lasting impacts beyond educational engagement and the school-to-prison pipeline. Both Rios (2011) and Gorski (2022), for instance, show that youth behavior must be considered in a context of perceived institutional control where developmentally appropriate behavior is criminalized. Although this control is amplified for low-income students of color (Morris et al, 2018;Rios, 2011), it is perhaps perceived by youth to be part and parcel with most school disciplinary practices today.…”