Young Adult Graduates Living in the Parental Home: Expectations, Negotiations, and Parental Financial Support

Abstract

In the United Kingdom and the United States, significant numbers of university graduates live with their parents, but little is known about expectations regarding parental support. This article focuses on a sample of British middle-class families and their coresident young adult children. It explores the extent to which parents and their graduate children have consistent expectations regarding coresidence and financial support and how such support is negotiated. Fifty-four in-depth interviews with parents and adult children were conducted. The findings reveal that expectations regarding coresidence were broadly consistent across parents and graduate children. Furthermore, within families, there was broad consistency regarding expectations of financial support, although there was variation between families. The nature and ways in which financial arrangements were negotiated varied between families, between parents, and between children. Expectations appear to be shaped by the child’s circumstances and norms, with negotiations of different types enabling a way forward to be agreed.

Empty-nest-related psychosocial stress: Conceptual issues, future directions in economic crisis

“…For instance, the age at which couples choose to marry has risen, higher levels of education are sought and study years are longer and the unstable labor market is making it harder to gain financial independence. 45 Most young people find themselves in a semi-dependent situation, receiving financial assistance from parents and rendering the prolonged stay in the parental home or the return to home after college a predictable fact. 46 Despite the lack of specific data, the economic crisis is affiliated with a moral and value crisis, a rise in criminality, nationalism, individualism, exploitation and hostility, making it more unstable and stressful for young people to live on their own.…”

“…46 Parents risk lack of privacy and autonomy with the children's return. 45 Furthermore, the return may originate feelings of disappointment and self-blaming end even question their status as adequate and successful parents. Parents feel that it is their obligation to financially support their boomeranged child.…”

“…Parents feel that it is their obligation to financially support their boomeranged child. 45 Although research often considers that "crowded nest" adults cause major problems, such as marital friction, disputes and financial defalcation. 50 Other findings suggest low levels of conflict between parents and returning young adults.…”

“…50 Other findings suggest low levels of conflict between parents and returning young adults. 45 Only 18% reported having had three or more disagreements. 15 These studies refer to recent decades, but current reality is different.…”

Evaluating University Reputation Based on Integral Linear Programming with Grey Possibility

“…Reputable universities can raise more funds from the governments and incomes of parents and sponsors and have discounted tuition fees in form of scholarships [44]. The Income Level of Parents/Sponsors ( 4-1 ) determines the purchasing power of the education provided by the university that is used in running the university, and most parents are the main financial contributor to their children education [10,45]. There is the primary cost of receiving education and services that give a lot for money in form of good value for tuition (Tuition, 4-2 ) [20,46], and the ability to attract top talents through the provision of Scholarships ( 4-3 ) because high quality academic standard should provide high quality scholarship [47], which includes scholarship of teaching and learning [48].…”