Young adults perceive small disturbances to their walking balance even when distracted

Liss, Daniel J.; Carey, Hannah D.; Yakovenko, Sergiy; Allen, Jessica L.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.10.019

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Sensory information about the disturbance must be perceived, integrated, and used to generate an appropriate corrective response. We previously found that young adults can perceive subtle slip-like locomotor disturbances of less than 10% of their self-selected walking speed (Liss et al, 2022); however, we do not know what sources of sensory feedback contributed to this perceptual ability. This study therefore aims to understand what sensory feedback modalities contribute to the ability to perceive subtle slip-like locomotor disturbances in young adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Subjects were allowed several minutes to adapt to treadmill walking before determining self-selected walking speed (SSWS). Briefly, SSWS was determined by asking if the subject was a “fast” or “slow” walker then moving to pace they would comfortably walk at for at least 10 min; a more detailed description can be found in our previous publication (Liss et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The perception threshold was calculated for the dominant leg using the psignifit 4 MATLAB toolbox (Wichmann & Hill, 2001). Since we did not observe differences between legs in the perception threshold in our previous paper (Liss et al, 2022), we focused our analyses on the dominant leg. Leg dominance was labeled as the limb preferred when kicking a ball.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The perception threshold was calculated for the dominant leg using the psignifit 4 MATLAB toolbox (Wichmann & Hill, 2001). Since we did not observe differences between legs in the perception threshold in our previous paper (Liss et al, 2022), we focused our analyses on the . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license available under a (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.…”

Section: Disturbance Perception Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Subjects were novel to the experimental paradigm used in this study and provided written informed consent before participating according to the protocol approved by the Institutional Review Board of West Virginia University. Twelve out of sixteen subjects were the same subjects in a paper previously published in which we analyzed locomotor perception thresholds (Liss et al, 2022).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Young Adults Use Whole-Body Feedback to Perceive Small Locomotor Disturbances

Liss

Carey

Allen

2022

Preprint

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To prevent a fall when a disturbance to walking is encountered requires sensory information about the disturbance to be perceived, integrated, and then used to generate an appropriate corrective response. Prior research has shown that feedback of whole-body motion drives this corrective response. Here, we hypothesized that young adults also use whole-body motion to perceive locomotor disturbances. 15 subjects performed a locomotor discrimination task in which the supporting leg was slowed during stance every 8-12 steps to emulate subtle slips. The perception threshold of these disturbances was determined using a psychometrics approach and found to be 0.08 ± 0.03 m/s. Whole-body feedback was examined through center-of-mass (CoM) kinematics and whole-body angular momentum (WBAM). Perturbation-induced deviations of CoM and WBAM were calculated in response to the two perturbation levels nearest each subject's perception threshold. Consistent with our hypothesis, we identified significantly higher perturbation-induced deviations for perceived perturbations in sagittal-plane WBAM, anteroposterior CoM velocity, and mediolateral CoM position, velocity, and acceleration. Because whole-body motion is not sensed directly but instead arises from the integration of various sensory feedback signals, we also explored local sensory feedback contributions to the perception of locomotor disturbances. Local sensory feedback was estimated through kinematic analogues of vision (head angle), vestibular (head angular velocity), proprioception (i.e., sagittal hip, knee, and ankle angles), and somatosensation (i.e., anterior-posterior & mediolateral center-of-pressure, COP). We identified significantly higher perturbation-induced deviations for perceived perturbations in sagittal-plane ankle angle only. These results provide evidence for both whole-body feedback and ankle proprioception as important for the perception of subtle slip-like locomotor disturbances in young adults. Our interpretation is ankle proprioception is a dominant contributor to estimates of whole-body motion to perceive locomotor disturbances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The perception threshold was calculated for the dominant leg using the psignifit 4 MATLAB toolbox (Wichmann & Hill, 2001). Since we did not observe differences between legs in the perception threshold in our previous paper (Liss et al, 2022), we focused our analyses on the . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license available under a (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.…”

Section: Disturbance Perception Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Young Adults Use Whole-Body Feedback to Perceive Small Locomotor Disturbances

Liss

Carey

Allen

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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Young adults use whole-body feedback and ankle proprioception to perceive small locomotor disturbances

Liss

Carey

Allen

2023

Human Movement Science

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Data-efficient human walking speed intent identification

Higgins,

Bresingham,

Schmiedeler

et al. 2023

Wearable Technol.

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The ability to accurately identify human gait intent is a challenge relevant to the success of many applications in robotics, including, but not limited to, assistive devices. Most existing intent identification approaches, however, are either sensor-specific or use a pattern-recognition approach that requires large amounts of training data. This paper introduces a real-time walking speed intent identification algorithm based on the Mahalanobis distance that requires minimal training data. This data efficiency is enabled by making the simplifying assumption that each time step of walking data is independent of all other time steps. The accuracy of the algorithm was analyzed through human-subject experiments that were conducted using controlled walking speed changes on a treadmill. Experimental results confirm that the model used for intent identification converges quickly (within 5 min of training data). On average, the algorithm successfully detected the change in desired walking speed within one gait cycle and had a maximum of 87% accuracy at responding with the correct intent category of speed up, slow down, or no change. The findings also show that the accuracy of the algorithm improves with the magnitude of the speed change, while speed increases were more easily detected than speed decreases.

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Young adults perceive small disturbances to their walking balance even when distracted

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Young Adults Use Whole-Body Feedback to Perceive Small Locomotor Disturbances

Young Adults Use Whole-Body Feedback to Perceive Small Locomotor Disturbances

Young adults use whole-body feedback and ankle proprioception to perceive small locomotor disturbances

Data-efficient human walking speed intent identification

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