Young age of onset colorectal cancers

Liang, Jennifer; Kalady, Matthew F.; Church, James M.

doi:10.1007/s00384-015-2341-4

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In Scotland, population screening does not begin until the age of 50. In contrast with previous studies investigating yCRC [12,18], incidence of poorly differentiatedor high-gradehistology was not found to be overrepresented in our patient group. An Australian study concurs with this finding, putting this discrepancy down to the subjective nature of determining tumour grade across the world [2].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Young-onset colorectal cancer in the North East of Scotland: survival, clinico-pathological features and genetics

et al. 2020

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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients aged under 55 years is on the rise, constituting approximately 10% of cases. Our aim was to determine the survival and clinico-pathological details of young-onset CRC (yCRC), as well as audit the referral rate to genetic services and thus establish the incidence of inherited cancer syndromes. Methods: A retrospective case note review was conducted for patients aged under 55 years who were diagnosed with CRC between 2005 and 2015 in the North East of Scotland. Cases were identified by pathology records and data was obtained from patient notes. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 (IBM, New York, USA) to produce Kaplan-Meier survival estimates, descriptive statistics and markers predictive for genetic referral.Results: Data from 345 patients (age range 22-54 years) were identified. The one year, five year and overall survival rates were found to be 89, 63 and 55%, respectively. Most patients (61%) presented with advanced disease. Of 201 patients that met criteria for genetic referral, only 93 (46%) were referred to genetic services. Microsatellite instability (MSI) was identified in 14% of those referred. Conclusion: Survival in yCRC was found to be better than that in later onset disease, despite higher rates of advanced disease. Patients were under-referred to genetic services, where a significant proportion were found to be MSI positive and investigated for Lynch syndrome.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Young-onset colorectal cancer in the North East of Scotland: survival, clinico-pathological features and genetics

et al. 2020

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“…An age of 50 years has been considered the cut-off for early- vs. late-onset CRC according to previous publications1127. The reason that CRC screening is recommended for people starting at age 50 years in Korea28, as well as in many other national guidelines293031, is because screening colonoscopy studies have shown a significantly increased risk of advanced neoplasms among people older than 50 years323334.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common risk variants for colorectal cancer: an evaluation of associations with age at cancer onset

Song

Shin

Park

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Common genetic risk variants for colorectal cancer (CRC) have been identified at approximately 40 loci by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We investigated the association of these risk variants by age at onset of CRC using case-only and case-control analysis. A total of 1,962 CRC cases and 2,668 controls from two independent case-control studies conducted by Korea’s National Cancer Center were included in this study. We genotyped 33 GWAS-identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with CRC risk. The risk allele in SNP rs704017, located at 10q22.3 in the ZMIZ1-AS1 gene, was consistently less frequent among CRC patients aged <50 years than among CRC patients aged ≥50 years in the case-only analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.66–0.92, P = 2.7 × 10−3, in an additive model), although this did not surpass the threshold for multiple testing. The direction of associations between rs704017 and CRC risk differed by age group in the combined case-control analysis (<50 years: OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.60–0.98, P = 0.03 and ≥50 years: OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.98–1.29, P = 0.09, in a dominant model); the p-values for heterogeneity (Pheterogeneity = 7.5 × 10−3) and for interaction were statistically significant (Pinteraction = 7.8 × 10−3, in the dominant model). Our results suggest that the CRC susceptibility SNP rs704017 has a hereditary effect on onset age of CRC.

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“…Though the early age of onset for CRC is thought to reflect an increased genetic predisposition, the majority appear to be sporadic [5, 6]. CRC in young adults associated with known hereditary conditions such as Lynch syndrome comprises a minor component (15–17%) [7–10], whilst a further subset of cases have a clear familial basis with no attributable genetic aetiology [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Findings in young adults at colonoscopy from a hospital service database audit

et al. 2017

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BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed at <50 years is predominantly located in the distal colon and rectum. Little is known about which lesion subtypes may serve as CRC precursors in young adults. The aim of this work was to document the prevalence and histological subtype of lesions seen in patients aged <50 years, and any associated clinical features.MethodsAn audit of the colonoscopy database at The Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Adelaide, South Australia over a 12-month period was undertaken. Findings were recorded from both colonoscopy reports and corresponding histological examination of excised lesions.ResultsData were extracted from colonoscopies in 2064 patients. Those aged <50 comprised 485 (24%) of the total. CRC precursor lesions (including sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/P), traditional serrated adenomas, tubular adenomas ≥10 mm or with high-grade dysplasia, and conventional adenomas with villous histology) were seen in 4.3% of patients aged <50 and 12.9% of patients aged ≥50 (P <0.001). Among colonoscopies yielding CRC precursor lesions in patients under 50 years, SSA/P occurred in 52% of procedures (11/21), compared with 27% (55/204) of procedures in patients aged 50 and older (P = 0.02). SSA/P were proximally located in (10/11) 90% of patients aged under 50, and 80% (43/54) of those aged 50 and older (P = 0.46).ConclusionsSSA/P were the most frequently observed CRC precursor lesions in patients aged <50. Most CRCs in this age group are known to arise in the distal colon and rectum suggesting that lesions other than SSA/P may serve as the precursor for the majority of early-onset CRC.

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Young age of onset colorectal cancers

Cited by 39 publications

References 13 publications

Young-onset colorectal cancer in the North East of Scotland: survival, clinico-pathological features and genetics

Young-onset colorectal cancer in the North East of Scotland: survival, clinico-pathological features and genetics

Common risk variants for colorectal cancer: an evaluation of associations with age at cancer onset

Findings in young adults at colonoscopy from a hospital service database audit

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