“…Motivation and engagement also affect how much a reader will persist despite linguistic difficulties and try different strategies for comprehension (Moje, 2006). Engagement, which is characterized as affective, creative, interactive, shared, sustained, and personalized (Kucirkova, Littleton, & Cremin, 2017), reflects a deep involvement in texts. Nuttall (2005) asserted that the active interaction between literacy skills, reading engagement, and language learning could be seen as a virtuous circle.…”