Young Daughter Cladodes Affect CO2 Uptake by Mother Cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica

Pimienta-Barrios, Eulogio; Rosas-Espinoza, Verónica Carolina; Valenzuela-Tapia, Amaranta; Nobel, Park S.

doi:10.1093/aob/mci034

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In addition, under conditions of drought, heat stress and radiation, the chlorenchyma loses significant amount of water and the cladode begins to exhibit rough aspect and loss of its characteristic green color (Becerril & Valdivia, 2006), indicating loss of chlorophyll (Pimienta-Barrios et al, 2005). These descriptions corroborate with the results of fluorescence found in the present study for the dry season.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Nonetheless, due to the effect of organic fertilization, new cladodes grew, which undergo more damage to the photosynthetic apparatus under drought conditions, resulting in reduction of efficiency and quantum yield. Daughter cladodes represent strong sink organs and cause physiological stress on mother cladodes during the dry season (Zañudo-Hernández et al, 2010), with reduction in the daily C gain and relative water content in mother cladodes, suggesting water movement from mother to daughter (Pimienta-Barrios et al, 2005). In addition, CO 2 assimilation is more affected in the phase IV of CAM (Nobel, 2001) (net CO 2 absorption in late afternoon) by the combined effects of daughter cladodes and drought.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and organic fertilization

Puiatti

Donato

Arantes

et al. 2018

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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A B S T R A C TThe objective of this study was to determine the photochemical efficiency of 'Gigante' cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and bovine manure doses in the semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a 4 x 3 x 7 factorial scheme, with three replicates. The first factor consisted of four doses of organic fertilization (0, 30, 60 and 90 Mg ha -1 year -1 of bovine manure), the second one, of three spacings (1.0 x 0.5, 2.0 x 0.25 and 3.0 x 1.0 x 0.25 m) and the third one of seven reading times (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 h). Chlorophyll a fluorescence readings were taken in cactus pear cladodes in the dry and rainy seasons using a pulse-modulated fluorometer. Cladodes of 'Gigante' cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and bovine manure doses undergo changes in photosystem II during the dry season under the physiographic conditions of the semiarid region in Bahia. During the rainy season in the semi-arid region, the photosynthetic yield in cactus pear cladodes is considered ideal.Eficiência fotoquímica em cladódios de palma forrageira 'Gigante' cultivada sob diferentes espaçamentos e adubação orgânica R E S U M OObjetivou-se determinar a eficiência fotoquímica da palma forrageira 'Gigante' cultivada sob diferentes espaçamentos e doses de esterco bovino na região semiárida. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 4 x 3 x 7, com três repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído de quatro doses de adubação orgânica (0; 30; 60 e 90 Mg ha -1 ano -1 de esterco bovino), o segundo, por três espaçamentos (1,0 x 0,5; 2,0 x 0,25 e 3,0 x 1,0 x 0,25 m) e o terceiro por sete horários de leitura (6; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16 e 18 h). Foram realizadas leituras de fluorescência da clorofila a em cladódios de palma forrageira nas épocas seca e chuvosa com auxílio de um fluorômetro de luz modulada. Os cladódios de palma forrageira 'Gigante' cultivada sob diferentes espaçamentos e doses de esterco bovino sofrem alterações no fotossistema II na época seca nas condições fisiográficas do semiárido baiano. Na época de chuvas na região semiárida o rendimento fotossintético em cladódios de palma forrageira é considerado ideal. Key words:Opuntia arrangement of plants chlorophyll fluorescence Palavras-chave: Opuntia arranjo de plantas fluorescência da clorofila

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and organic fertilization

Puiatti

Donato

Arantes

et al. 2018

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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“…Pimienta-Barrios et al [32] found in O. ficus-indica a lower concentration of TPCs in cladodes bearing either eight or more daughter cladodes and explained it as a result of competition for resources between parent and daughter cladodes [33]. We obtained a similar result in that almost all of the parental first-level cladodes produced only one daughter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Chemical and Physical Defense Traits in Two Sexual Forms of Opuntia robusta in Central Eastern Mexico

et al. 2014

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Sexually dimorphic plants provide an excellent opportunity for examining the differences in the extent of their defense against herbivores because they exhibit sex-related differences in reproductive investment. Such differences enable comparison of the sex with high reproduction expenses with the sex that expends less. The more costly sex is usually also better defended against herbivores. Generally, females are considered more valuable than hermaphrodites in terms of fitness; however, hermaphrodites are more valuable if they can produce seed by autonomous selfing, provided that the inbreeding depression is low and pollen is limited. We studied a gynodioecious population of Opuntia robusta from Central-Eastern Mexico, which has been reported to be trioecious, dioecious, or hermaphrodite, and addressed the following questions: 1) Is the hermaphrodite's reproductive output higher than the female's, and are hermaphrodites thus better defended? 2) Are plant tissues differentially defended? 3) Do trade-offs exist among different physical defense traits? and 4) among physical and chemical defense traits? We found that 1) hermaphrodites had a higher seed output and more spines per areola than females and that their spines contained less moisture. Non-reproductive hermaphrodite cladodes contained more total phenolic compounds (TPCs) than female ones. In addition, 2) hermaphrodite reproductive cladodes bore more spines than female cladodes, and 3) and 4) we found a negative relationship between spine number per areola and areola number per cladode and a positive relationship between spine number per areola per plant and TPC concentration per plant. Non-reproductive hermaphrodite cladodes contained a higher concentration of TPCs than female cladodes, and parental cladodes contained fewer TPCs than both reproductive and empty cladodes.

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“…This is dominated by nocturnal changes in chlorenchyma osmotic pressure and not by transpiration (Schulte et al 1989). Younger developing cladodes of O. ficus-indica, which initially may be C 3 -like performers, can be provided with water from the underlying mother cladodes (Pimienta- Barrios et al 2005). They have lower water potentials than the mature underlying cladodes maintaining a water potential gradient for supply of water to the young cladodes via the xylem.…”

Section: Global Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem CAM in arborescent succulents

Lüttge

2008

Trees

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Stem CAM with a peripheral chlorenchyma in stem succulents growing up to arborescent sizes and life forms appears to be a unique evolution as it requires delayed and reduced bark formation and stem stomata. However, stem succulence as a convergent morphotype and with it the stem CAM physiotype evolved polyphyletically in many divergent taxa of the dicotyledonous angiosperms. Controlling water budgets is the main ecophysiological benefit of stem succulence and CAM, where the cooperation of a peripheral photosysnthetically active chlorenchyma and a central water storing hydrenchyma is co-ordinately regulated. Thus, a major factor important for performance of stem CAM succulents at the community level is water or drought. Although this implies fitness under osmotic stress, CAM performing stem succulents are not adapted to salinity and are salt stress avoiders where they occur in saline habitats. Notwithstanding the low overall productivity of CAM plants in general, stem CAM plants can show very high productivity under certain circumstances and may also respond to elevated environmental atmospheric CO 2 concentrations with increased growth.

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Young Daughter Cladodes Affect CO2 Uptake by Mother Cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica

Abstract: Daughter cladodes significantly hasten the effects of drought on mother cladodes by competition for the water supply and thus decrease daily carbon gain by mother cladodes, mainly by inhibiting phase IV of CAM.

Cited by 31 publications

References 43 publications

Photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and organic fertilization

Photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacings and organic fertilization

Chemical and Physical Defense Traits in Two Sexual Forms of Opuntia robusta in Central Eastern Mexico

Stem CAM in arborescent succulents

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