“…While in the post-communist states which joined the EU the hardships of young people were somewhat mitigated by new opportunities to work, study and travel, either at home or abroad, as well as emerging forms of citizenship and participation (even if many were still marginalised; Foti et al 2005), in the CIS countries, the economic crisis was more prolonged and more traumatic, leaving many people very poor (and a few very rich). Politics was more corrupt, authoritarian and distanced from most of the population and young people were even less likely to participate in traditional forms of politics than in the West, although this did not mean that they did not participate in more everyday forms of political engagement (see Tereshchenko 2010).…”