Young People with Complex Needs in the Criminal Justice System

Dowse, Leanne; Cumming, Therese M.; Strnadová, Iva; Lee, Jung Sook; Trofimovs, Julian

doi:10.1080/23297018.2014.953671

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This has been attributed to a number of factors including inherited trauma, low socioeconomic status, and compounding disadvantage which disproportionately effect the Indigenous community in Australia. Further, the high rates of alcohol use and alcohol‐related harm are well documented in this population, and these factors have contributed to an increased risk of justice contact (Conseur et al., ; Dowse et al., ; Higgins and Davis, ). In spite of widespread recognition of the disproportionate representation of Indigenous young people in contact with the justice system, Higgins and Davis () suggest that there is little evidence demonstrating that existing programs are successfully addressing the issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal Alcohol Use Disorder and Risk of Child Contact with the Justice System in Western Australia: A Population Cohort Record Linkage Study

Hafekost

Lawrence

O’Leary

et al. 2017

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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BackgroundEarly contact with the justice system is associated with a multitude of negative outcomes across the life course. This includes an increased risk of ongoing justice contact, social disadvantage and marginalization, and mental health and substance use issues. Children whose mothers have an alcohol use disorder may be at risk of early justice system contact, and we sought to quantify this relationship in a Western Australian cohort.MethodsThis population cohort study made use of linked administrative data. Those in‐scope for the study were women who had a birth recorded on the Midwives Notification System (1983 to 2007). The exposed cohort were mothers who had an alcohol‐related diagnosis (ICD9/10), recorded on administrative data. This included mental and behavioral disorders which were alcohol related, diseases which could be entirely attributed to alcohol and other ICD alcohol codes. These women were considered to have an alcohol use disorder, which was a proxy for heavy drinking. The comparison cohort was frequency‐matched sample with no alcohol‐related diagnosis identified on administrative data sets.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, children whose mothers had a maternal alcohol use disorder had a significantly increased odds of justice contact when compared to those whose mothers had no diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.60 to 1.99). Additional significant maternal factors associated with child justice contact included being Indigenous (OR = 5.14, 95% CI = 4.54 to 5.81), low maternal age, low socioeconomic status, being unmarried, and a history of a mental health problems. Significant child‐level factors, which were associated with increased odds of justice contact, included being male, a mental health diagnosis, child protection contact, parity, and academic failure.ConclusionsChildren who were exposed to a maternal alcohol use disorder had significantly increased odds of contact with the justice system. Additional risk was associated with being Indigenous and with markers of social disadvantage. These results suggest that prevention and early intervention services should span across agencies in an effort to reduce risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many young people who are in contact with the justice system have multiple risk factors and complex needs (Dowse et al., ). One group identified at high risk of contact with the justice system is children whose mothers had problematic alcohol consumption (Australian Institute of Family Studies, ; Carr and Vandiver, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Alcohol Use Disorder and Risk of Child Contact with the Justice System in Western Australia: A Population Cohort Record Linkage Study

Hafekost

Lawrence

O’Leary

et al. 2017

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…Planners need to build a relationship with people with intellectual disability to understand them including who they are and their skills, preferences and circumstances. People with intellectual disability have a history characterised by broken relationships with family, friends and professionals, which is thought to impact on the achievement of positive life outcomes (Dowse et al ). This group would benefit from a NDIS workforce characterised by constant relationships; however, it is not known whether the NDIS could accommodate for this (Dowse et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of National Disability Insurance Scheme planning from the perspective of adults with intellectual disability

Perry

Waters

Buchanan

2019

Aust J Social Issues

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The Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is attempting to address long-term inequalities experienced by people with disability. Planning is central to the NDIS. People with intellectual disability will be the largest group of NDIS participants, and their perspectives are underrepresented in the literature. It is important to understand how they experience and perceive NDIS planning. Ten adults with intellectual disability participated in semi-structured interviews to explore their experiences of NDIS planning. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's (2006, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77) six stages of thematic analysis. Six themes were identified: planning preparation not fit for purpose, creating goals, goals not met, planning not meeting real needs, lack of choice and control and importance of relationship with planner. In principle, the NDIS presents a real opportunity to increase the choice and control, social and economic participation, and independence of people with disability; however, this does not always translate into practice for people with intellectual disability.

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“…A key aim here is to build on, and extend, recent theoretical work emerging from critical disability studies and critical criminology and to contribute further to the development of a critical disability criminology (Baldry and Dowse 2013;Dowse et al 2014;Baldry et al 2015;Baldry 2017). This situates our theoretical orientation unequivocally within the 'social model of disability' (Oliver 1996), which makes a crucial distinction between 'impairment' as a characteristic of an individual's body or mind, and 'disability' as a socially constructed systemic phenomenon that serves to create and compound discriminatory barriers and obstructive social arrangements that disable people.…”

Section: Theoretical Framework: Towards Critical Disability Criminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such conditions and factors include: multiple disabilities and impairments, poverty, disadvantaged family and geographical housing, homelessness, abuse and so on. The term multiple and complex needs is sometimes used interchangeably with complex support needs (see Baldry and Dowse 2013;Dowse et al 2014;Baldry 2014;Baldry 2017). researchers, and non-government and advocacy organisations, all indicate a high prevalence amongst youth justice populations within and across the jurisdictions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Cruel and unusual punishment’: an inter-jurisdictional study of the criminalisation of young people with complex support needs

Baldry

Briggs

Goldson

et al. 2017

Journal of Youth Studies

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Young People with Complex Needs in the Criminal Justice System

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Maternal Alcohol Use Disorder and Risk of Child Contact with the Justice System in Western Australia: A Population Cohort Record Linkage Study

Maternal Alcohol Use Disorder and Risk of Child Contact with the Justice System in Western Australia: A Population Cohort Record Linkage Study

Experiences of National Disability Insurance Scheme planning from the perspective of adults with intellectual disability

‘Cruel and unusual punishment’: an inter-jurisdictional study of the criminalisation of young people with complex support needs

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