Youth and firearms in Canada

Frappier, Jean‐Yves; Leonard, Katherine A.; Sacks, Diane

doi:10.1093/pch/10.8.473

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…By contrast, US studies reported substantially higher rates of fatal and non-fatal firearm injuries for all causes among children and youth (Allareddy et al 2012 ; Fowler et al 2017 ). The lower rates of firearm injuries among children and youth in Canada compared to the USA may be due to differences in the prevalence of household firearm ownership, access, and storage practices (Gabor et al 2001 ; Frappier et al 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of this heterogeneity, especially for suicide/self-harm and unintentional injuries, may reflect rural–urban differences in firearm ownership. Access to a gun in the household is a leading risk factor for fatal and non-fatal firearm-related injuries (Gabor et al 2001 ; Frappier et al 2005 ; Canadian Paediatric Society 2022 ). Licensing data for 2019 show that the provinces and territories with the highest firearm mortality rates also had the highest prevalence of firearm licenses (Department of Justice 1999 ; Royal Canadian Mounted Police 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal and non-fatal firearm-related injuries in Canada, 2016–2020: a population-based study using three administrative databases

et al. 2023

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Background Firearms are a substantial cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality in Canada and globally, though evidence from contexts other than the USA is relatively limited. We examined deaths, hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits due to firearm-related injuries in Canada to identify population groups at increased risk of fatal and non-fatal outcomes. Methods We conducted a population-based study using three national administrative databases on deaths, hospitalizations, and ED visits. ICD-10 codes were used to identify firearm-related injuries from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2020. Fatal and non-fatal firearm injuries were classified as suicide/self-harm, homicide/assault, unintentional, undetermined or legal intervention injuries. We analyzed the data with counts, rates and proportions, stratified by sex, age group, province/territory, and year. Results Over the 5-year period, we identified 4005 deaths, 3169 hospitalizations, and 2847 ED visits related to firearm injuries in various jurisdictions in Canada. Males comprised the majority of fatal and non-fatal injury cases. The highest rates of fatal and non-fatal firearm injuries were among 20- to 34-year-olds. The leading cause of fatal firearm injuries was self-harm (72.3%). For non-fatal firearm hospitalizations and ED visits, assault (48.8%) and unintentional injuries (62.8%) were the leading causes of injury. Rates varied by province and territory. Conclusions Our results showed that males comprised the majority of fatal and non-fatal firearm injuries in Canada. The rates of both fatal and non-fatal firearm injuries were highest among the 20- to 34-year-old age group. This comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of firearm injuries in Canada provides baseline data for ongoing surveillance and policy evaluation related to public health interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal and non-fatal firearm-related injuries in Canada, 2016–2020: a population-based study using three administrative databases

et al. 2023

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“…data reveals that only one-third of families who own guns report storing their firearms safely 12 and that unintentional injuries represent one-third of firearm injuries in American children, 13 typically occurring either in or close to home. 14 In contrast, only approximately 17%-34% of Canadian households own at least one firearm 15 and firearms are involved in 30% of homicides and 12% of suicides. 16 Internationally recognised injury reporting standards categorise firearm injuries into one of five groups by intent: unintentional, intentional (assault), self-inflicted (suicide or attempted suicide), legal intervention (war, police shooting) and intent unknown, using validated diagnostic codes.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Firearm injury epidemiology in children and youth in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study

et al. 2021

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Background and objectiveDespite firearms contributing to significant morbidity and mortality globally, firearm injury epidemiology is seldom described outside of the USA. We examined firearm injuries among youth in Canada, including weapon type, and intent.DesignPopulation-based, pooled cross-sectional study using linked health administrative and demographic databases.SettingOntario, Canada.ParticipantsAll children and youth from birth to 24 years, residing in Ontario from 1 April 2003 to 31 March 2018.ExposureFirearm injury intent and weapon type using the International Classification of Disease-10 CM codes with Canadian enhancements. Secondary exposures were sociodemographics including age, sex, rurality and income.Main outcomesAny hospital or death record of a firearm injury with counts and rates of firearm injuries described overall and stratified by weapon type and injury intent. Multivariable Poisson regression stratified by injury intent was used to calculate rate ratios of firearm injuries by weapon type.ResultsOf 5486 children and youth with a firearm injury (annual rate: 8.8/100 000 population), 90.7% survived. Most injuries occurred in males (90.1%, 15.5/100 000 population). 62.3% (3416) of injuries were unintentional (5.5/100 000 population) of which 1.9% were deaths, whereas 26.5% (1452) were assault related (2.3/100 00 population) of which 18.7% were deaths. Self-injury accounted for 3.7% (204) of cases of which 72.0% were deaths. Across all intents, adjusted regression models showed males were at an increased risk of injury. Non-powdered firearms accounted for half (48.6%, 3.9/100 000 population) of all injuries. Compared with handguns, non-powdered firearms had a higher risk of causing unintentional injuries (adjusted rate ratio (aRR) 14.75, 95% CI 12.01 to 18.12) but not assault (aRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.00).ConclusionsFirearm injuries are a preventable public health problem among youth in Ontario, Canada. Unintentional injuries and those caused by non-powdered firearms were most common and assault and self-injury contributed to substantial firearm-related deaths and should be a focus of prevention efforts.

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Ball Bearing (BB) Gun Injuries

Tsui¹,

Tsui²,

Tang³

2010

Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine

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War game has become quite a popular recreational game in Hong Kong nowadays. Ball bearing (BB) and pellet gun-related injuries should not be overlooked. This article presented a case of BB gun-related soft tissue injury on the face with retained pellet. We also reviewed the types, power levels, and the injuries of non-power guns. The management of BB and pellet gun-related injuries and the preventive measures concerning legislation, education program, product safety awareness and protective gears usage would be emphasized.

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Youth and firearms in Canada

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Fatal and non-fatal firearm-related injuries in Canada, 2016–2020: a population-based study using three administrative databases

Fatal and non-fatal firearm-related injuries in Canada, 2016–2020: a population-based study using three administrative databases

Firearm injury epidemiology in children and youth in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study

Ball Bearing (BB) Gun Injuries

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