Youth as an artefact of governing violence: Violence to young people shapes violence by young people

Abstract

Young people are routinely depicted as uniquely violent. Much work has been done, particularly within the sociology of youth, to dispel this misconception. However, these portrayals persist, as does the narrative of youth as a period of transition. This article argues that the transition in youth is a process of governing violence into sanctioned forms. To achieve adult status young people must conform to sanctioned forms of violence. Furthermore, the article argues that the physical, structural and symbolic violence done to young people, shapes the violence done by them. Youth is an intensely governed period. The young people in focus in this article are subject to additional governing by the state. They are hyper-governed. This article draws on labelling theory and the analytics of governmentality to analyse hyper-governed young people’s experiences of ubiquitous violence. Hyper-governed young people describe experiences of ‘neoliberal violence’ that produce docility and progressively increasing commitments to the norms of violence. The article concludes, therefore, that youth is an artefact of violence that governs, but also the product of governing young people’s violence. Youth as an artefact of governing violence describes violence done to young people shaping violence done by young people.

Nonviolent youth activism and symbolic violence: Some problems in Bourdieu’s notion of victim complicity

“…This approach adopts the emancipatory knowledge hinterland from youth studies to challenge the popular association between youth and violence, as well as the assumptions within violence studies regarding the transitional nature of youth (Lohmeyer, 2020). These interviews were conducted within a project examining young people’s experiences of governing violence (Lohmeyer, 2018). Participants in this study had been involved in one or more of the following protest movements: The Swan Island Peace Convergence, Australian Youth Climate Coalition, and Love Makes a Way in South Australia or Victoria during 2015.…”