Youth Civic Engagement Behavior on Facebook: A Comparison of Findings from Malaysia and Indonesia

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to examine civic engagement behavior via Facebook among the youth in two countries, Malaysia and Indonesia, using a cross-cultural perspective. Empirical data from 1,899 youth of both countries were collected, whereby their modes of civic engagement behavior (publication of information, dialogue, and lobbying decision-makers) were examined. In addition, the study also analyzed their community-outcome expectations from Facebook usage. Results indicate that youth in both countries conduct civic engagement behavior via Facebook using the three modes. The publication of information and sharing of links play a significant role in promoting dialogue and debate. The findings also suggest that the youth in Indonesia are more apprehensive about using Facebook for lobbying, such as signing petitions, than their neighbor, Malaysia. The results further indicate that Facebook is a source for information and that community-related outcome expectations play an important role that underlies the civic engagement behavior of youth on Facebook. Thus, the youth are using Facebook to shape traditional civic engagement landscape in an online realm.

The New Face of People Power: An Exploratory Study on the Potential of Social Media for Combating Corruption in Indonesia

“…Nevertheless, based on authors' observation such drawbacks do not seem to discourage citizens especially the young people from actively expressing their thoughts on social media including criticizing the government. Warren et al (2016) in their study revealed that young internet users in Indonesia are promoting dialogue and debate on Facebook primarily through the publication of information and sharing of links. Furthermore, Warren et al (2016) also concluded that in comparison to Malaysia Indonesian youth are "more apprehensive about using Facebook for lobbying, such as petitions.…”

“…Interestingly such limitation does not seem to affect citizens' motivation to actively engage in discussions and debates on various sensitive topics. This could be explained by the fact that the country's population is dominated by young people (Belot, 2013) who, according to a study byWarren et al (2016), are more apprehensive on social media and are willing to take the risk in voicing their thoughts. According to the data from IndexMundi (2018) around 42% of Indonesia's population is under the age of 25 making it a very youth oriented country(Warren et al, 2016).…”

Indonesian Politicians’ Social Media Role in Encouraging Civic Engagement

“…As SBY does, he mostly encouraged good deeds in general description such as to develop good characters for the nation, while SBY encouraged about working hard. The messages in politicians' social media posts show that Indonesia's politicians have not maximize their position to invite the citizens to engage in civic activities, although Indonesia is not unfamiliar with civic engagement, both offline and online, as found by Warren [19] and Lussier and Fish [20].…”

“…However, this does not mean that Indonesians lack the social engagement for a better society, as this might be discussed in other more popular terms such as kesukarelawanan (volunteering) and gerakan sosial (social movement). Warren [19] and Lussier and Fish [20] argues about Indonesians' high level of civic engagement, where Warren found that in youth's Facebook activities. The increasing use of social media for civic participation makes this research necessary.…”

Analisis Psikometrik Skala Pengukuran Pengurusan Privasi Komunikasi Facebook (Psychometric Analysis of Facebook Communication Privacy Measurement Scale)

“…Peningkatan ketara kajian ini berlaku apabila Skala Blogging Privacy Management Measure (Child, Pearson & Petronio, 2009) telah diadaptasi oleh Frampton dan Child (2013) dalam persekitaran Facebook. Di Malaysia, kajian berkaitan Facebook masih tertumpu kepada corak dan kesan penggunaan Facebook (Warren, Sulaiman & Jaafar, 2015;Warren, Jaafar & Sulaiman, 2016;Abdulahi, Samadi & Gharleghi, 2014). Majoriti kajian tertumpu kepada pelajar di institusi pengajian tinggi (IPT) sebagai responden kajian kerana mereka berada dalam kelompok pengguna utama Facebook (Jafarkarimi, Sim, Saadatdoost & Hee, 2016;Helou & Rahim, 2014;Naeemi, Tamam, Hassan & Bolong, 2014;Zaremohzzabieh, Samah, Omar, Bolong & Kamarudin, 2014;Omar & Subramanian, 2014).…”