Ytterbium doped heavy metal oxide glasses with high emission cross-section

Spectroscopic properties of Yb 3+ -doped TeO 2 —BaO—BaF 2 —Nb 2 O 5 -based oxyfluoride tellurite glasses

“…It can be seen that for the previous studied tellurite glasses, the longest fluorescence lifetime is 0.94 ms, [18] the largest emission cross-section is 1.42 pm 2 , [5] and the largest gain efficient is 1.21 ms•pm 2 . [14] While, the TNBF0 glass sample has a larger emission cross-section of 1.37 pm 2 , and the TNBF3 glass sample has a longer fluorescence lifetime of 0.96 ms, meanwhile this glass has a high gain efficient of 1.16 ms•pm 2…”

“…[1] Yb 3+ ions have only two manifolds in the energy level scheme, namely, the 2 F 7/2 ground state and the 2 F 5/2 excited state, therefore, it is commonly believed that concentration quenching should not affect the radiative emission. [2] Tellurite glasses, owing to their wide infrared transparency (0.35-5 µm), high refractive index, low phonon energy (∼ 800 cm −1 ), high rare-earth solubility, good thermal stability, and excellent corrosion resistance, are uniquely suitable for non-linear laser applications. [3,4] Yb 3+ -doped tellurite glasses have been reported in TeO 2 -WO 3 -Nb 2 O 5 , [4] TeO 2 -ZnO-Nb 2 O 5 , [5,6] TeO 2 -ZnO-ZnCl 2 , [7] and so on.…”

Spectroscopic analysis of up conversion luminescence in doped halogeno-antimonite glass

“…It leads to a large number of new laser lines, especially in fiber lasers [18]. Potential technological applications include color display, sensors, optical data storage, biomedical diagnostics, and undersea communications [19][20][21][22]. Physically the infrared to visible conversion may be described as an anti-Stokes emission.…”

Spectroscopic properties of ZrF4-based fluorophosphate laser glasses with large stimulated emission cross-section and high thermal stability

“…The glass system doped with trivalent ytterbium ions (Yb 3+ ) is considered to be the best gain medium candidate for fiber lasers owing to its longer fluorescence lifetime, higher emission efficiency and stronger emission intensity. Since Yb 3+ ions have only two manifolds, it is believed that there exists no concentration quenching [1][2][3][4]. Among Yb 3+ -doped laser medium glasses (silicate glasses and phosphate glasses), fluorophosphate glasses show great promise due to their excellent properties, including low phonon energy, low nonlinear refractive index, wide transmission range from the UV to NIR, high solubility for rare earth ions, and their good physical and chemical stability [5][6][7].…”

“…Two significant parameters, the fluorescence lifetime (τ f ) and emission cross-section (σ emi ), are primarily used to evaluate the gain properties of Yb 3+ -doped laser glasses [1,2,8]. Generally, Yb 3+ -doped FP glass has a lifetime 1-2 times longer than that of Yb 3+ -doped phosphate glasses, whereas its stimulated emission cross-section, σ emi (σ emi < 0.6 pm 2 ), is much less than that of Yb 3+ -doped laser glasses (1-2 pm 2 ).…”