Yugoslavian children in a situation of rapid economic changes

Adolescents’ understanding of poverty and the poor in rural Malaysia

“…al., 1999;Harrah & Friedman, 1990;Kirchler & Praher, 1990;Kopczyska-Sikorska & Szyszko, 2001;Lyck, 1990;Roland-Lévy, 1990;Weinger, 1998;Wosinski & Pietras, 1990;Zabukovec & Polic, 1990) in other countries. While the structure of the perceived causes of poverty was similar, the older respondents were more likely to provide more complex and multiple responses compared to the younger respondents.…”

“…To sum up the findings above, the current literature provides evidence for both Paiget's cognitive-development approach (Bonn et al, 1999;Harrah & Friedman, 1990;Kirchler & Praher, 1990;Lyck, 1990;Stacey & Singer, 1985;Wosinski & Pietras, 1990;Zabukovec & Polic, 1990), which suggests different level of knowledge based on age and also evidence for Moscovi's theory of social representations (Chafel & Neitzel, 2005;Furnham, 1982;Payne & Furnham, 1985) which maintains that social processes play an important part in the acquisition of knowledge.…”

“…Overall, the structure found among children in these studies is similar to the three attribution structure proposed by Feagin (1972). Aside from the French sample (Roland-Lévy, 1990), who attribute poverty to structural causes, children from Denmark (Lyck, 1990), Algeria (RolandLévy, 1990), Austria (Kirchler & Praher, 1990), United States (Harrah & Friedman, 1990), Yugoslavia (Zabukovec & Polic, 1990) and Poland (Wosinski & Pietras, 1990) generally attribute poverty to individualistic factors. The children's most common responses focused on lack of effort, laziness and not being hard working.…”

Young People's Ignorance about the Topic of Taxation

“…Whilst various popular books aimed at parents discuss how children and adolescents should be educated/informed about taxation (Davis & Taylor, 1979;Godfrey, 1994Godfrey, , 1996Godfrey, , 1998 there has been very little empirical data in the area. One notable exception was the project designed by Leiser et al, (1990) which did a cross-cultural comparison of children between 8 and 14 years in Algeria (Roland-Levy, 1990), the United States (Harrah & Friedman, 1990), Austria (Kirchler & Praher, 1990), Denmark (Lyck, 1990), France (Roland-Levy, 1990), Poland (Wosinski & Pietras, 1990) and Yugoslavia (Zabukovec & Polic, 1990). Despite many differences in methodology and results between the studies, two outcomes seemed clear.…”