Yule–Nielsen based recto–verso color halftone transmittance prediction model

Hébert, Mathieu; Hersch, Roger D.

doi:10.1364/ao.50.000519

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We then predicted the spectral transmittances of the samples and compared them to measurements in terms of equivalent color distance by CIELAB ΔE 94 values. The average ΔE 94 values presented in Table 2 (over 25 samples), all below 0.9, are comparable to the ones typically obtained for halftones printed on paper in transmittance mode [15]. Despite the error accumulation due to the 2N 1 predictions performed for N stacked films (reflectance and transmittance of each film, then transmittance of the stack), we can consider that a good accuracy has been achieved in this experiment.…”

Section: Stacks Of Printed Filmssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…However, at oblique incidence, light also shifts from colorant areas to other ones during the multiple reflection process. The extension of the Yule-Nielsen reflectance model to transmittance, experimentally validated in the case of printed papers [15], remains valid for printed films. The transmittance equation is similar to the reflectance equation (11), with an n-value that is generally different in transmittance mode versus reflectance mode:…”

Section: Reflectance and Transmittance Of Printed Filmsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Calibration of the reflectance and transmittance models follows the procedure detailed in [15]. Using spectral measurements, one has to determine the reflectances and transmittances of the colorants as well as the amount of spreading of the ink dots in halftones.…”

Section: Reflectance and Transmittance Of Printed Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One assumes that nominal surface coverage 0 (no ink) and 1 (full coverage) yields effective surface coverage 0, respectively 1. By linear interpolation between these points, one obtains 12 ink spreading functions f i∕u a giving the effective surface coverage of each ink as a function of the nominal one (a) when the ink is alone on paper, or (b) when it is superposed with a second ink, (c) superposed with the third ink, or (d) superposed with the two other inks (see [15,16]). …”

Section: Reflectance and Transmittance Of Printed Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral reflectance and transmittance of stacks of nonscattering films printed with halftone colors

Hébert

Machizaud

2012

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

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This paper combines and extends two optical models based on a two-collimated-flux approach that we previously proposed for the reflectance and transmittance of nonscattering elements, i.e., stacked nonscattering plastic films on the one hand, and films printed in halftone on the other hand. Those two models are revisited and combined by introducing different reflectances and transmittances on the two sides of a printed film, a common situation in practice. We then address the special case of stacks of identical films for which we obtain closed-form expressions for the reflectance and transmittance of the stacks as functions of the number of films. Experimental testing has been carried out on several different films printed with an inkjet printer. The accuracy of the model is good up to 16 films in most cases, despite a slight decrease in the case of yellow ink, which is more scattering than the other inks. By transposing the model to thin diffusing layers and considering diffuse fluxes instead of collimated ones, the closed-form expressions yield the well-known Kubelka-Munk reflectance and transmittance formulas. When these stacks of films are backed by a colored specular reflector, the reflectance is in certain conditions independent of the number of films.

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Section: Stacks Of Printed Filmssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Reflectance and Transmittance Of Printed Filmsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Reflectance and Transmittance Of Printed Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reflectance and Transmittance Of Printed Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral reflectance and transmittance of stacks of nonscattering films printed with halftone colors

Hébert

Machizaud

2012

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

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“…Therefore, its attenuation is modeled by r g λ p · P 8 j1 a j · t j λ, where r g λ is the reflectance of paper and t j λ the transmittance of full-tone colorant j in the visible wavelength range. The subsequent multiple reflections between the print-air interface and the paper bulk and the lateral propagation of part of the light are accounted for by performing the ink surface coverage dependent weighting of the colorant transmittances in the spectral attenuation space Tλ 1∕n [19]. The resulting attenuation of the fluorescent emission emerging from the print is r g λ…”

Section: Overview Of the Proposed Print Fluorescence Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Neugebauer-based color halftone prediction model accounting for paper fluorescence

Hersch¹

2014

Appl. Opt.

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We present a spectral model for predicting the fluorescent emission and the total reflectance of color halftones printed on optically brightened paper. By relying on extended Neugebauer models, the proposed model accounts for the attenuation by the ink halftones of both the incident exciting light in the UV wavelength range and the emerging fluorescent emission in the visible wavelength range. The total reflectance is predicted by adding the predicted fluorescent emission relative to the incident light and the pure reflectance predicted with an ink-spreading enhanced Yule-Nielsen modified Neugebauer reflectance prediction model. The predicted fluorescent emission spectrum as a function of the amounts of cyan, magenta, and yellow inks is very accurate. It can be useful to paper and ink manufacturers who would like to study in detail the contribution of the fluorescent brighteners and the attenuation of the fluorescent emission by ink halftones.

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Switchable Camouflage via Reflective Display

Yuan,

Zhou,

Meng

et al. 2024

Advanced Photonics Research

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In nature, dynamic camouflage is performed by cephalopods and reptiles. Humans attempt to perform dynamic camouflage by employing display devices to show the surrounding background. In this work, a switchable camouflage device based on an electrophoretic display (EPD) is proposed. Color‐filter EPDs display colors by reflecting light through the color filters and black‐and‐white EPDs. The number of subpixels is found to be an important factor on color performance. To improve the poor saturation of color‐filter EPDs, the number of color filter subpixels is reduced. Compared with filters with three and four subpixels, a dual‐subpixel filter proposed in this work significantly improves the average saturation of red, green, and blue colors, with increases of 49% and 112%, respectively. Subsequently, the spectral characteristics of the color filter and black‐and‐white EPD are optimized by using genetic algorithm to reduce the average color difference between the display and the switchable target color, which can be reduced as low as 0.18. To visually demonstrate the color reproduction capability of the dual‐subpixel EPD, sample applications including the switchable vegetation and digital camouflages are designed and have a high degree of agreement with the background. In this work, an innovative and effective approach is introduced to dynamic camouflage.

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Yule–Nielsen based recto–verso color halftone transmittance prediction model

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Spectral reflectance and transmittance of stacks of nonscattering films printed with halftone colors

Spectral reflectance and transmittance of stacks of nonscattering films printed with halftone colors

Spectral Neugebauer-based color halftone prediction model accounting for paper fluorescence

Switchable Camouflage via Reflective Display

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