Yüzme Havuzlarinda Karbon Bazli Dezenfeksi̇yon Yan Ürünleri̇ni̇n Oluşumu

Abstract

This paper aims to review available information in the literature on the factors responsible on formation, species disinfection by-products (DBPs) and their health effects in swimming pool water. DBPs in swimming pools is significant for international literature and this review is the first study with the main focus of DBPs in swimming pool in national academic arena.Various disinfectants are applied in order to eliminate the pathogen microorganisms in drinking water distribution network and swimming pools. While chlorine based disinfectants are used commonly, also bromine based chemicals are preferential disinfectants. The sources of the organic matter precursors are; i) natural organic matter content of filling water and ii) organic loadings from swimmers. While disinfectants inactivate pathogens in swimming pools, mutagenic or carcinogenic DBPs are formed as a result of reactions between disinfectants and natural organic matter (NOM), bromide/iodide and human inputs. The formation of DBPs in swimming pool are higher than drinking water due to higher disinfectants residual and DBPs precursors. Trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloaceticacids (HAAs) are commonly observed as DBPs in swimming pools. THMs can be observed high concentration not only in swimming pool waters but also in indoor air ambition due to their volatile nature. Understanding of DBPs formation and control in swimming pools is important to minimize adverse health effects. It is much easier and cheaper to reduce DBPs before formation the pool with removal of precursors and use of proper disinfectants.

Assessment Of Bromochloroacetonitrile Formed As A Disinfection Byproduct in an HaCaT Cells

“…Although waterborne diseases are controlled by disinfection, DBPs produced show a high risk for human health and attract great attention ). Disinfection by-products have long been a human health concern, and many of them have raised concerns as they are cytotoxic, neurotoxic, mutagenic, genotoxic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic (Stalter et al 2016;Harman et al 2017;.…”

Multi-route – Multi-pathway exposure to trihalomethanes and associated cumulative health risks with response and dose addition

“…Hand washing, dishwashing, and showering are the regular daily activities that cause dermal contact to THMs in tap water, among which showering is the main regular activity for inhalation route (Nazir and Khan, 2006). THM concentrations in air of indoor swimming pools, hot tubs, and bathrooms are generally higher due to their relatively high vapor pressures (Harman et al, 2017). THM concentrations in water and air is increased with increasing water temperature.…”