“…In the survey spectra ( Supplementary Figure S4 ), PPor1-g-C 3 N 4 was constructed by C, N, O and S. As shown in Figure 3 , the six characteristic peaks in PPor1-g-C 3 N 4 could be divided into three groups: the characteristic peaks at 398.8 and 400.1 eV belonging to the N of NH and C=N in the pyrrole ring of PPor1 group; the characteristic peaks at 398.3, 399.5 and 400.6 eV belonging to the N of C-N=C, N-(C) 3 and C-NH 2 of g-C 3 N 4 , respectively ( Xu et al, 2021 ); the characteristic peak located at 402.0 eV assigned to the N of the triazole ring in PPor1-g-C 3 N 4 ( Wipperman et al, 1991 ; Liu et al, 2016 ), indicating that PPor1 group was covalently attached to g-C 3 N 4 group via the click reaction. In addition, compared with g-C 3 N 4 -N 3 and PPor1-C≡CH, the peaks of g-C 3 N 4 group in PPor1-g-C 3 N 4 shift towards lower binding energy, while the peaks of porphyrin shift towards higher binding energy, respectively, which could be attributed to the disappearance of the alkynyl group in PPorx-C≡CH and the azide group in g-C 3 N 4 -N 3 after the click reaction between PPorx-C≡CH and g-C 3 N 4 -N 3 and the formation of the triazole ring, leading to the change of the chemical environment of N in porphyrin and g-C 3 N 4 ( Li X. et al, 2022 ; Shi et al, 2022 ). The results of XPS proved the covalently linking between PPor1 group and g-C 3 N 4 group.…”