The article discusses locus standi in civil cases involving violations of patient rights. This analysis concerns the patient, his/her relatives, the prosecutor, the Patient’s Rights Ombudsman, the Citizen’s Rights Ombudsman, the Children Ombudsman, non-governmental organizations and poviat (county) consumer ombudsmen. On its basis, it is possible to determine the group of entities having locus standi to sue in the above cases, as well as to determine the consequences of the court finding lack of locus standi.