Zagospodarowanie przestrzeni w środkowej i młodszej epoce kamienia na stanowisku Redecz Krukowy 20, gm. Brześć Kujawski, woj. Kujawsko-Pomorskie, w świetle metody składanek

New theoretical discourses in the discussion of the Neolithisation process in South Scandinavia during the late 5th and early 4th millennium BC – an identification of learning processes, communities of practise and migrations

“…These newly established pioneering agrarian societies in South Scandinavia also expanded their network, not only towards the Michelsberg Culture, but also towards Eastern Europe, which can be documented by the appearance of copper axes, battle axes and thin-butted axes (e.g., Todorova 1981;Zápotocký 1992;Klassen 2000;Klimscha 2007). The widely dispersed material culture associated with impulses from the Michelsberg Culture or Michelsberg-affiliated cultures can also be associated with agrarian expansions during the centuries around 4000 cal BC into the British Isles (e.g., Sheridan 2010;Rowley-Conwy 2011), the Netherlands (e.g., Willms 1982;Louwe Kooijmans 2007;Raemaekers et al 2012), central and northern Germany (e.g., Brandt 1967;Lüning 1968;Hartz et al 2007;Vogt 2009) andnorthern Poland (e.g., Lichardus 1976;Czekaj-Zastawny et al 2011;Papiernik 2012), thus making this spread of material culture and people a northern European phenomenon.…”

“…This resulted in increased territorial demands, thus leading to the construction of causewayed enclosures from around 4400 cal BC, which may have served as structures of refuge in times of stress and conflict (e.g., Christensen 2004; Gronenborn 2010). Continuous conflicts in Michelsberg society over territorial rights and the struggle for arable land could have served as a push effect, which may have led to the contemporary migration of pioneering farmers to the British Isles, Netherlands, northern Germany, northern Poland and South Scandinavia around 4000 cal BC (e.g., Louwe Kooijmans 2007;Hartz et al 2007;Sheridan 2010;Rowley-Conwy 2011;Papiernik 2012;Sørensen, Karg 2014;Sørensen 2014) (Fig. 21).…”

Three Stories About the Exploitation of “Chocolate” Flint During the Stone Age in Central Poland

“…Both left and right zone are similar with preserved traces of the preparation stage when cortical flakes were produced. It is important to note that among several thousand flakes from this site, there was not a single one that could be refitted to this core (Papiernik and Płaza 2015). This could indicate that the core underwent the preparation procedure in a different place from the site in Redecz Krukowy.…”

“…The site is situated on aeolian sand in which fossil soils were discovered. During five field seasons, together more than 13 months in the field, an area of 7487 square metres was excavated (Papiernik and Płaza 2015). The site produced a huge amount of archaeological material, with more than 140,000 pottery fragments and around 25,000 flint pieces.…”