Zebrafish for Personalized Regenerative Medicine; A More Predictive Humanized Model of Endocrine Disease

Arjmand, Babak; Tayanloo-Beik, Akram; Heravani, Najmeh Foroughi; Alaei, Setareh; Payab, Moloud; Alavi-Moghadam, Sepideh; Goodarzi, Parisa; Gholami, Mahdi; Larijani, Bagher

doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00396

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(196 reference statements)

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“…Accordingly, detailed studies of the mechanisms underlying ASD can pave the way for discovering new approaches with high therapeutic potential to maximize the quality of life of patients with ASD as well as their caregivers ( 180 ). In recent years, to promote the studies, zebrafish has been used as a leading model in neurological disorders and injuries research ( 73 , 181 ) such as ASD to investigate the pathophysiology of disease and to evaluate the potency of candidate drugs ( 22 ). However, the use of animal models in preclinical studies is still controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, a developing well-designed study and applying methods appropriate to the research goals, selecting animal models appropriate to the purpose of the study, employing a sufficient number of animals, taking any necessary measures to maintain animal welfare and safety, and trying to use alternatives to animal models, are among the most critical ethics that should be considered in animal studies ( 72 ). Regarding the mentioned ethical principles and international and regional guidelines, over the last decades, Zebrafish has attracted attention as a prominent animal model in various in vivo experiments ( 73 ), such as ASD studies due to its prominent neurological characteristics ( 74 ). Proper understanding of the zebrafish nervous system function as an outstanding animal model can be an important step in examining the various aspects of drugs and treatment approaches for disorders related to the human nervous system in drug discovery.…”

Section: Zebrafish As An Appropriate Animal Model For Autism Spectrum...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zebrafish Modeling of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Current Status and Future Prospective

et al. 2022

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a complicated range of childhood neurodevelopmental disorders which can occur via genetic or non-genetic factors. Clinically, ASD is associated with problems in relationships, social interactions, and behaviors that pose many challenges for children with ASD and their families. Due to the complexity, heterogeneity, and association of symptoms with some neuropsychiatric disorders such as ADHD, anxiety, and sleep disorders, clinical trials have not yielded reliable results and there still remain challenges in drug discovery and development pipeline for ASD patients. One of the main steps in promoting lead compounds to the suitable drug for commercialization is preclinical animal testing, in which the efficacy and toxicity of candidate drugs are examined in vivo. In recent years, zebrafish have been able to attract the attention of many researchers in the field of neurological disorders such as ASD due to their outstanding features. The presence of orthologous genes for ASD modeling, the anatomical similarities of parts of the brain, and similar neurotransmitter systems between zebrafish and humans are some of the main reasons why scientists draw attention to zebrafish as a prominent animal model in preclinical studies to discover highly effective treatment approaches for the ASD through genetic and non-genetic modeling methods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zebrafish As An Appropriate Animal Model For Autism Spectrum...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish Modeling of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Current Status and Future Prospective

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“…Danio rerio is a powerful vertebrate model to study neurodegenerative diseases ( 63 ). Its advantages include transparency of embryos, easy-imaging, available behavioral tests to examine motor activity, short life cycle, and high fertility.…”

Section: Als In Vivo Modeling Platformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ on a Chip: A Novel in vitro Biomimetic Strategy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Modeling

et al. 2022

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a pernicious neurodegenerative disorder that is associated with the progressive degeneration of motor neurons, the disruption of impulse transmission from motor neurons to muscle cells, and the development of mobility impairments. Clinically, muscle paralysis can spread to other parts of the body. Hence it may have adverse effects on swallowing, speaking, and even breathing, which serves as major problems facing these patients. According to the available evidence, no definite treatment has been found for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that results in a significant outcome, although some pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are currently applied that are accompanied by some positive effects. In other words, available therapies are only used to relieve symptoms without any significant treatment effects that highlight the importance of seeking more novel therapies. Unfortunately, the process of discovering new drugs with high therapeutic potential for ALS treatment is fraught with challenges. The lack of a broad view of the disease process from early to late-stage and insufficiency of preclinical studies for providing validated results prior to conducting clinical trials are other reasons for the ALS drug discovery failure. However, increasing the combined application of different fields of regenerative medicine, especially tissue engineering and stem cell therapy can be considered as a step forward to develop more novel technologies. For instance, organ on a chip is one of these technologies that can provide a platform to promote a comprehensive understanding of neuromuscular junction biology and screen candidate drugs for ALS in combination with pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). The structure of this technology is based on the use of essential components such as iPSC- derived motor neurons and iPSC-derived skeletal muscle cells on a single miniaturized chip for ALS modeling. Accordingly, an organ on a chip not only can mimic ALS complexities but also can be considered as a more cost-effective and time-saving disease modeling platform in comparison with others. Hence, it can be concluded that lab on a chip can make a major contribution as a biomimetic micro-physiological system in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as ALS.

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“…In this way, they can replace the destroyed cells [ 6 , 11 ]. Organoid models of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) can be used in the field of personalized medicine [ 9 , 12 , 13 ]. Literally, these are stem cells that grow in a special culture protocol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancement of Organoid Technology in Regenerative Medicine

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Soveyzi

et al. 2022

Regen. Eng. Transl. Med.

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Purpose Organoids are three-dimensional cultures of stem cells in an environment similar to the body’s extracellular matrix. This is also a novel development in the realm of regenerative medicine. Stem cells can begin to develop into 3D structures by modifying signaling pathways. To form organoids, stem cells are transplanted into the extracellular matrix. Organoids have provided the required technologies to reproduce human tissues. As a result, it might be used in place of animal models in scientific study. The key goals of these investigations are research into viral and genetic illnesses, malignancies, and extracellular vesicles, pharmaceutical discovery, and organ transplantation. Organoids can help pave the road for precision medicine through genetic editing, pharmaceutical development, and cell therapy. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used to search for all relevant papers written in English (1907–2021). The study abstracts were scrutinized. Studies on the use of stem-cell-derived organoids in regenerative medicine, organoids as 3D culture models for EVs analysis, and organoids for precision medicine were included. Articles with other irrelevant aims, meetings, letters, commentaries, congress and conference abstracts, and articles with no available full texts were excluded. Results According to the included studies, organoids have various origins, types, and applications in regenerative and precision medicine, as well as an important role in studying extracellular vesicles. Conclusion Organoids are considered a bridge that connects preclinical studies to clinical ones. However, the lack of a standardized protocol and other barriers addressed in this review, hinder the vast use of this technology. Lay Summary Organoids are 3D stem cell propagations in biological or synthetic scaffolds that mimic ECM to allow intercellular or matrix-cellular crosstalk. Because these structures are similar to organs in the body, they can be used as research models. Organoids are medicine’s future hope for organ transplantation, tumor biobank formation, and the development of precision medicine. Organoid models can be used to study cell-to-cell interactions as well as effective factors like inflammation and aging. Bioengineering technologies are also used to define the size, shape, and composition of organoids before transforming them into precise structures. Finally, the importance of organoid applications in regenerative medicine has opened a new window for a better understanding of biological research, as discussed in this study.

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Zebrafish for Personalized Regenerative Medicine; A More Predictive Humanized Model of Endocrine Disease

Cited by 19 publications

References 113 publications

Zebrafish Modeling of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Current Status and Future Prospective

Zebrafish Modeling of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Current Status and Future Prospective

Organ on a Chip: A Novel in vitro Biomimetic Strategy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Modeling

Advancement of Organoid Technology in Regenerative Medicine

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