Zebrafish phosvitin is an antioxidant with non-cytotoxic activity

Abstract

Antioxidants, or anti-oxidant agents, have attracted a great deal of attention in recent years because of their roles in prevention of chronic diseases and utilization as preservatives in food and cosmetics. In this study, we clearly demonstrated that zebrafish recombinant phosvitin (rPv) is an antioxidant agent capable of inhibiting the oxidation of the linoleic acid, and scavenging the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical. We also showed that zebrafish rPv is a cellular antioxidant capable of protecting radical-mediated oxidation of cellular biomolecules. Importantly, zebrafish rPv is non-cytotoxic to murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. It is the first report that showed the antioxidant activities of Pv in fishes, suggesting that zebrafish Pv can be an important antioxidant, which can be used as preservatives in food and cosmetics and even as supplementary mediator in different diseased states.

High-Resolution Proteomic Profiling Shows Sexual Dimorphism in Zebrafish Heart-Associated Proteins

“…It could be speculated that the huge amounts of lipids carried by vtg in blood to supply oogenesis could be a source of oxidative stress for the female cardiovascular system. Also, it has been shown that vtg itself, in zebrafish, can act as an antioxidant . Oxidative stress refers to the production of toxic free radicals (e.g., reactive oxygen species) that have high tendency to bind different biological molecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNA and subsequently damage cells and tissues in the cardiovascular system.…”

“…Also, it has been shown that vtg itself, in zebrafish, can act as an antioxidant. 33 Oxidative stress refers to the production of toxic free radicals (e.g., reactive oxygen species) that have high tendency to bind different biological molecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNA and subsequently damage cells and tissues in the cardiovascular system. Antioxidants detoxify and protect cells by binding and neutralizing such toxic compounds.…”

Regulation of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in diverse species

“…Other egg-related antioxidant enzymes include lysozyme, nitric oxide inhibitor cystatin, and metal-binding phosvitin (Ishikawa et al 2004;Nimalaratne and Wu 2015). Oviparous fish similarly deposit vitellogenin and phosvitin, major yolk proteins that scavenge free radicals attributable to phosphoserine protein structure and ironchelating capacity (Hu et al 2015). Redox homeostasis critically hinges on GPXs and glutathione de novo synthesis, demonstrated by localization of the enzymes in the yolk and increasing expression in critical tissues such as the brain, liver, and kidney during development (Glisic et al 2015;Mendieta-Serrano et al 2015).…”

Immune-Relevant and Antioxidant Activities of Vitellogenin and Yolk Proteins in Fish

“…We also showed that zebrafish rPv is a cellular antioxidant capable of protecting radical-mediated oxidation of cellular biomolecules. Importantly, zebrafish rPv is non-cytotoxic to murine macrophages RAW264.7 [ 91 ]. These results show that Pv in fish is also a strong antioxidant agent.…”